bioenergetics
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of an isolated system?

  • It cannot exchange matter or energy with its surroundings. (correct)
  • It can exchange matter with its surroundings.
  • It can exchange energy with its surroundings.
  • It can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings.

    • What is the primary role of Gibbs free energy in chemical reactions?

  • It determines the rate of the reaction.
  • It determines the entropy of the reaction.
  • It determines the equilibrium constant of the reaction.
  • It determines the feasibility of the reaction. (correct)

    • What is the primary factor that determines the feasibility of a biochemical reaction?

  • The change in enthalpy (ΔH) of the reactants and products
  • The change in entropy (ΔS) of the reactants and products
  • The change in free energy (ΔG) of the reactants and products (correct)
  • The difference in the concentrations of the reactants and products

    • Under standard conditions, what is the relationship between ΔG and ΔG°?

    <p>ΔG is equal to ΔG°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between ΔG and ΔG°?

    <p>ΔG is the free energy change under non-standard conditions, while ΔG° is the standard free energy change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of a negative ΔG value for a reaction?

    <p>The reaction is exergonic and releases energy from the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the sum of individual ΔG values for a biochemical pathway?

    <p>The sum of individual ΔG values determines the thermodynamic feasibility of the pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between ΔG and the equilibrium constant (Keq)?

    <p>ΔG is equal to -RT lnKeq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the free energy change of the forward and reverse reactions?

    <p>ΔG(A→B) = -ΔG(B→A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition required for a biochemical reaction to be feasible?

    <p>ΔG must be negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the second law of thermodynamics on the total entropy of a system?

    <p>The total entropy of the system must increase for a spontaneous process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a positive ΔG value for a biochemical reaction?

    <p>The reaction can still occur if it is kinetically favored</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why metabolism enzymes lower the barriers to ATP hydrolysis?

    <p>To prevent the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis being wasted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metabolic reaction is characterized by the formation of complex molecules from simple ones?

    <p>Anabolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of donating electrons in a redox reaction?

    <p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a redox reaction be rewritten to better understand its components?

    <p>By breaking it down into half-reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of accepting electrons in a redox reaction?

    <p>Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?

    <p>To reduce the activation energy needed for a reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do biological systems overcome the energy barriers of reactions with positive ∆G values?

    <p>By coupling endergonic reactions with exergonic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in the first step of Glycolysis?

    <p>To act as an energy coupler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the terminal phosphate bonds in ATP considered 'high-energy'?

    <p>Because they release a large amount of energy on hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the kinetic stability of ATP hydrolysis?

    <p>It provides essential kinetic stability for ATP's role in the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of ATP's kinetic stability in its role as an energy coupler?

    <p>It allows ATP to store energy for long periods of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cell potential for the reaction Cu2++ e- → Cu+?

    <p>+0.61v</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of ΔG° for the reaction Fe2+ + Cu2+ ↔ Fe3+ + Cu+?

    <p>-58,852 J</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for ΔG for a reaction A → B, taking into account the concentrations of reactant and product?

    <p>ΔG = ΔG° + RTlnKeq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the hydrolysis of Compound A to components B and C, given ΔG° = -3.496 KJ/mol at 25°C?

    <p>4.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between ΔG° for a reaction and the equilibrium constant Keq?

    <p>Keq = e(-ΔG°/RT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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