Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does biodiversity refer to?
What does biodiversity refer to?
- The total number of organisms in a specific area
- The interaction between biotic and abiotic factors
- The variety of life on Earth including ecosystems and species (correct)
- The genetic variation within a single species
What is NOT a method of estimating biodiversity?
What is NOT a method of estimating biodiversity?
- Genetic index (correct)
- Species richness
- Shannon index
- Simpson index
Which of the following ecosystems is classified as a terrestrial ecosystem?
Which of the following ecosystems is classified as a terrestrial ecosystem?
- Lake
- Coral reef
- Pond
- Grassland (correct)
Which term describes species diversity between ecosystems?
Which term describes species diversity between ecosystems?
What is the estimated total number of species on Earth?
What is the estimated total number of species on Earth?
What does species evenness refer to in biodiversity measurement?
What does species evenness refer to in biodiversity measurement?
Which organization promotes biodiversity conservation and organic farming in India?
Which organization promotes biodiversity conservation and organic farming in India?
What is the main cause of the current sixth mass extinction?
What is the main cause of the current sixth mass extinction?
Which region is experiencing the steepest decline in biodiversity?
Which region is experiencing the steepest decline in biodiversity?
What is considered the next most common primary threat to biodiversity after habitat loss?
What is considered the next most common primary threat to biodiversity after habitat loss?
Which species is extinct in India according to the provided content?
Which species is extinct in India according to the provided content?
What is one of the primary causes of habitat degradation?
What is one of the primary causes of habitat degradation?
Which statement accurately reflects wildlife corridors?
Which statement accurately reflects wildlife corridors?
What factor has caused the introduction of alien species like Lantana and Mikenia?
What factor has caused the introduction of alien species like Lantana and Mikenia?
What percentage of mammal species are currently threatened, according to the content provided?
What percentage of mammal species are currently threatened, according to the content provided?
At what rate did plant and animal species migrate polewards in the last half of the 20th Century?
At what rate did plant and animal species migrate polewards in the last half of the 20th Century?
What role does biodiversity play in food security?
What role does biodiversity play in food security?
Which of the following is true about the use of plant species in medicine?
Which of the following is true about the use of plant species in medicine?
What is an example of an ethical value related to biodiversity?
What is an example of an ethical value related to biodiversity?
What has contributed to the current rate of species extinction being ten thousand times higher than the natural rate?
What has contributed to the current rate of species extinction being ten thousand times higher than the natural rate?
According to the Living Planet Index 2014, how much have representative populations of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish declined since 1970?
According to the Living Planet Index 2014, how much have representative populations of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish declined since 1970?
What is a consequence of losing a species from an ecosystem?
What is a consequence of losing a species from an ecosystem?
Which of the following is NOT a major threat to freshwater species?
Which of the following is NOT a major threat to freshwater species?
What is a primary contribution of biodiversity to climate regulation?
What is a primary contribution of biodiversity to climate regulation?
What percentage of penguin populations have shrunk in parts of Antarctica over the past 25 years?
What percentage of penguin populations have shrunk in parts of Antarctica over the past 25 years?
What factor has contributed to the decline of 90 percent of all large fishes in the world's oceans?
What factor has contributed to the decline of 90 percent of all large fishes in the world's oceans?
Which animal has seen its population decline primarily due to hunting and poaching for its bones and skin?
Which animal has seen its population decline primarily due to hunting and poaching for its bones and skin?
What conservation effort focuses on the sustainable use of biological resources?
What conservation effort focuses on the sustainable use of biological resources?
How did Emperor Ashoka contribute to wildlife protection in the 3rd Century BC?
How did Emperor Ashoka contribute to wildlife protection in the 3rd Century BC?
What is one major misconception about nature conservation?
What is one major misconception about nature conservation?
What is a significant cause of human-animal conflict mentioned in the content?
What is a significant cause of human-animal conflict mentioned in the content?
What is one tradition of conservation mentioned in the content?
What is one tradition of conservation mentioned in the content?
What is the percentage of the world's biodiversity found in just 2% of the earth's surface?
What is the percentage of the world's biodiversity found in just 2% of the earth's surface?
How many major forest types are identified in the biodiversity content?
How many major forest types are identified in the biodiversity content?
Which region in India is not considered a biodiversity hotspot?
Which region in India is not considered a biodiversity hotspot?
Which plant has the highest number of cultivated varieties in India?
Which plant has the highest number of cultivated varieties in India?
What percentage of India's amphibians are considered endemic?
What percentage of India's amphibians are considered endemic?
Which of the following is the state animal of Tamil Nadu?
Which of the following is the state animal of Tamil Nadu?
How many species of wild relatives of cultivated crops originated in India?
How many species of wild relatives of cultivated crops originated in India?
Which of the following statements about India's medicinal plants is false?
Which of the following statements about India's medicinal plants is false?
Which of the following groups has the highest number of species in India?
Which of the following groups has the highest number of species in India?
The Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot accounts for what percentage of the world's amphibian species?
The Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot accounts for what percentage of the world's amphibian species?
What was the primary purpose of the World Heritage Convention established in 1972?
What was the primary purpose of the World Heritage Convention established in 1972?
Which national act was implemented to protect wildlife in India and was later amended in 1991?
Which national act was implemented to protect wildlife in India and was later amended in 1991?
Which of the following conservation efforts is specifically associated with the protection of forests in India?
Which of the following conservation efforts is specifically associated with the protection of forests in India?
What is a primary characteristic of in-situ conservation?
What is a primary characteristic of in-situ conservation?
How many Wildlife Sanctuaries are designated in India according to the provided data?
How many Wildlife Sanctuaries are designated in India according to the provided data?
Which of the following is NOT a solution proposed to enhance conservation efforts?
Which of the following is NOT a solution proposed to enhance conservation efforts?
What is the primary goal of ex-situ conservation strategies?
What is the primary goal of ex-situ conservation strategies?
Which of the following solutions promotes equitable resource governance?
Which of the following solutions promotes equitable resource governance?
Flashcards
What is Ecology?
What is Ecology?
The study of how living things interact with their environment.
Biotic factors
Biotic factors
Living factors in an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and fungi.
Abiotic factors
Abiotic factors
Non-living factors in an ecosystem, such as temperature, water, and sunlight.
What is Biodiversity?
What is Biodiversity?
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Species Diversity
Species Diversity
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Genetic Diversity
Genetic Diversity
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Ecosystem diversity
Ecosystem diversity
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Species Evenness
Species Evenness
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Why is every species important?
Why is every species important?
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Why is biodiversity valuable to humans?
Why is biodiversity valuable to humans?
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What are some economic values of biodiversity?
What are some economic values of biodiversity?
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What are some ethical values of biodiversity?
What are some ethical values of biodiversity?
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What are some aesthetic values of biodiversity?
What are some aesthetic values of biodiversity?
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What is the current state of biodiversity?
What is the current state of biodiversity?
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What are some key threats to biodiversity?
What are some key threats to biodiversity?
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What makes India a biodiversity hotspot?
What makes India a biodiversity hotspot?
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What areas in India have high endemism?
What areas in India have high endemism?
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How significant is India to global agriculture?
How significant is India to global agriculture?
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What is the significance of India's endemic plant species?
What is the significance of India's endemic plant species?
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Why are the Western Ghats a biodiversity hotspot?
Why are the Western Ghats a biodiversity hotspot?
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How does the Western Ghats contribute to conservation?
How does the Western Ghats contribute to conservation?
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What is the significance of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve?
What is the significance of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve?
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What is the controversy surrounding Western Ghats conservation?
What is the controversy surrounding Western Ghats conservation?
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What role do medicinal plants play in India?
What role do medicinal plants play in India?
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What are the key characteristics of a biodiversity hotspot?
What are the key characteristics of a biodiversity hotspot?
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Water Connectivity and Loss of Biodiversity
Water Connectivity and Loss of Biodiversity
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Biodiversity Hotspots
Biodiversity Hotspots
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Affected Marine Species
Affected Marine Species
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Main Causes of Biodiversity Decline
Main Causes of Biodiversity Decline
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Climate Change Impacts
Climate Change Impacts
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Habitat Fragmentation
Habitat Fragmentation
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Wildlife Corridor
Wildlife Corridor
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Introduced Species
Introduced Species
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Global Warming
Global Warming
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Coral Bleaching
Coral Bleaching
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Penguin Population Decline
Penguin Population Decline
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Decline of Large Fish
Decline of Large Fish
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Human-Animal Conflicts
Human-Animal Conflicts
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Hunting/Poaching
Hunting/Poaching
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Tradition of Conservation
Tradition of Conservation
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Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development
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Ramsar Convention
Ramsar Convention
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Indian Forest Act 1927
Indian Forest Act 1927
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Environmental Protection Act 1986
Environmental Protection Act 1986
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Forest Conservation Act 1980
Forest Conservation Act 1980
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Wildlife Protection Act 1972
Wildlife Protection Act 1972
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Biodiversity Act 2002
Biodiversity Act 2002
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Chipko Movement
Chipko Movement
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Ex-situ Conservation
Ex-situ Conservation
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Study Notes
- Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth.
- It is the product of 4 billion years of evolution.
- Biodiversity is measured by species diversity, genetic diversity, and variety of ecosystems.
- Species diversity includes a wide range of organisms, such as various animals like tigers, elephants, and birds and diverse plants.
- Genetic diversity refers to the genetic variations within species, such as the differences in human populations.
- Ecosystem diversity refers to the different types of ecosystems, such as terrestrial and aquatic. Specific examples of terrestrial ecosystems are evergreen forests, grasslands, deciduous forests, and alpine forests. Examples of aquatic ecosystems include rivers, lakes, and ponds and marine/coastal ecosystems like mangroves and coral reefs.
- India has a vast amount of domesticated biodiversity, with 50,000 varieties of rice and eight breeds of buffaloes.
- India is among the 17 mega-diversity countries globally.
- 8% of the world's biodiversity is found in just 2% of the Earth's surface in India.
- India has 16 major forest types, covering 21% of the country.
- India has 30,000 cultivated plants.
- India has 11,058 endemic plant species and high endemicity for various groups such as amphibians (61% of species), reptiles (47%), and a range of fish.
- India has 45,500 plant species (including 17,527 flowering plants), 91,200 animal species (with 57,000 insects being the highest), 4,000 molluscs, 2,546 fish, 460 reptiles, 248 amphibians, 1,232 birds, 397 mammals, and 20,000 invertebrates.
- India has 8,000 medicinal plants used in 50,000 herbal formulations.
- India has two major biodiversity hotspots: Western Ghats and North East India.
- Criteria for biodiversity hotspots include supporting over 1,500 endemic species, having lost over 70% of original habitats, and with high numbers of vertebrates and flowering plants in a small percentage of the land area.
- There is a loss of biodiversity in India and globally.
- The natural rate of extinction of species is one species per year, however the current rate of extinction is 1 species per hour which is 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.
- The main threats to biodiversity include habitat loss, over-exploitation of species, pollution, and invasive species. Loss of wildlife corridors are also detrimental to biodiversity.
- Human-wildlife conflicts and trade in wildlife species, such as elephants and tigers, also pose serious threats.
- There are 102 national parks, 515 wildlife sanctuaries, 4 conservation reserves, 47 community reserves, 41 tiger reserves, 25 elephant reserves, 25 Ramsar sites, 465 important bird areas, and 5 UNESCO heritage sites within protected areas.
- Conservation efforts include the Chipko movement, silent valley saving efforts, and the project elephant conservation initiatives while recognizing that conservation needs to be sustainable to sustain human and wildlife habitats.
- International conventions support biodiversity conservation through the Biodiversity Convention, the Ramsar Convention, the World Heritage Convention, and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna.
- National conservation strategies include the Indian Forest Act, Environmental Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act, Fisheries Act, Wildlife Protection Act, Biodiversity Act, and Maritime Zones Act.
- Solutions for conserving biodiversity involve preserving natural capital, producing better with environmentally sustainable practices, and consuming more wisely. Equitable resource governance is also key.
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Description
Test your knowledge on biodiversity with this quiz covering various aspects such as species diversity, ecosystems, and conservation efforts. Answer questions about methods of estimating biodiversity and the current state of species extinction. Perfect for students and nature enthusiasts alike!
