Biodiversity Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does biodiversity refer to?

The total number of organisms in a specific area

The interaction between biotic and abiotic factors

The variety of life on Earth including ecosystems and species (correct)

The genetic variation within a single species

What is NOT a method of estimating biodiversity?

Genetic index (correct)

Species richness

Shannon index

Simpson index

Which of the following ecosystems is classified as a terrestrial ecosystem?

Lake

Coral reef

Pond

Grassland (correct)

Which term describes species diversity between ecosystems?

Beta diversity Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated total number of species on Earth?

10 million to 30 million Signup and view all the answers

What does species evenness refer to in biodiversity measurement?

The relative abundance of each species in a community Signup and view all the answers

Which organization promotes biodiversity conservation and organic farming in India?

Navdanya Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of the current sixth mass extinction?

Man-made activities Signup and view all the answers

Which region is experiencing the steepest decline in biodiversity?

Tropics Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the next most common primary threat to biodiversity after habitat loss?

Climate change Signup and view all the answers

Which species is extinct in India according to the provided content?

Pink Headed Duck Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary causes of habitat degradation?

Over-exploitation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects wildlife corridors?

They connect wildlife populations separated by human activities. Signup and view all the answers

What factor has caused the introduction of alien species like Lantana and Mikenia?

Human activities Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of mammal species are currently threatened, according to the content provided?

10% Signup and view all the answers

At what rate did plant and animal species migrate polewards in the last half of the 20th Century?

4 miles per decade Signup and view all the answers

What role does biodiversity play in food security?

It provides genetic diversity necessary for crop resilience. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the use of plant species in medicine?

Sarpagandha has been utilized traditionally for several ailments. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an ethical value related to biodiversity?

Every species has a right to exist on Earth. Signup and view all the answers

What has contributed to the current rate of species extinction being ten thousand times higher than the natural rate?

Increased agricultural demands and urban development. Signup and view all the answers

According to the Living Planet Index 2014, how much have representative populations of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish declined since 1970?

52% Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of losing a species from an ecosystem?

The ecological balance may be disrupted. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major threat to freshwater species?

Climate change Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary contribution of biodiversity to climate regulation?

Forests and wetlands help sequester carbon. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of penguin populations have shrunk in parts of Antarctica over the past 25 years?

33 percent Signup and view all the answers

What factor has contributed to the decline of 90 percent of all large fishes in the world's oceans?

Overfishing Signup and view all the answers

Which animal has seen its population decline primarily due to hunting and poaching for its bones and skin?

Bengal Tiger Signup and view all the answers

What conservation effort focuses on the sustainable use of biological resources?

The Biodiversity Convention Signup and view all the answers

How did Emperor Ashoka contribute to wildlife protection in the 3rd Century BC?

Created animal hospitals Signup and view all the answers

What is one major misconception about nature conservation?

Nature conservation is against development Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant cause of human-animal conflict mentioned in the content?

Destruction of wildlife corridors Signup and view all the answers

What is one tradition of conservation mentioned in the content?

Animal worship Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the world's biodiversity found in just 2% of the earth's surface?

8% Signup and view all the answers

How many major forest types are identified in the biodiversity content?

16 Signup and view all the answers

Which region in India is not considered a biodiversity hotspot?

Thar Desert Signup and view all the answers

Which plant has the highest number of cultivated varieties in India?

Rice Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of India's amphibians are considered endemic?

61% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the state animal of Tamil Nadu?

Nilgiri Tahr Signup and view all the answers

How many species of wild relatives of cultivated crops originated in India?

320 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about India's medicinal plants is false?

They are primarily exotic species. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups has the highest number of species in India?

Insects Signup and view all the answers

The Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot accounts for what percentage of the world's amphibian species?

86% Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the World Heritage Convention established in 1972?

To ensure that biodiversity is recognized as global heritage Signup and view all the answers

Which national act was implemented to protect wildlife in India and was later amended in 1991?

Wildlife Protection Act Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conservation efforts is specifically associated with the protection of forests in India?

Chipko Movement Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of in-situ conservation?

It preserves species in their natural habitats. Signup and view all the answers

How many Wildlife Sanctuaries are designated in India according to the provided data?

515 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a solution proposed to enhance conservation efforts?

Increase fossil fuel reliance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of ex-situ conservation strategies?

To maintain genetic germplasm outside their natural habitat. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following solutions promotes equitable resource governance?

Value nature in economic terms Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth.
It is the product of 4 billion years of evolution.
Biodiversity is measured by species diversity, genetic diversity, and variety of ecosystems.
Species diversity includes a wide range of organisms, such as various animals like tigers, elephants, and birds and diverse plants.
Genetic diversity refers to the genetic variations within species, such as the differences in human populations.
Ecosystem diversity refers to the different types of ecosystems, such as terrestrial and aquatic. Specific examples of terrestrial ecosystems are evergreen forests, grasslands, deciduous forests, and alpine forests. Examples of aquatic ecosystems include rivers, lakes, and ponds and marine/coastal ecosystems like mangroves and coral reefs.
India has a vast amount of domesticated biodiversity, with 50,000 varieties of rice and eight breeds of buffaloes.
India is among the 17 mega-diversity countries globally.
8% of the world's biodiversity is found in just 2% of the Earth's surface in India.
India has 16 major forest types, covering 21% of the country.
India has 30,000 cultivated plants.
India has 11,058 endemic plant species and high endemicity for various groups such as amphibians (61% of species), reptiles (47%), and a range of fish.
India has 45,500 plant species (including 17,527 flowering plants), 91,200 animal species (with 57,000 insects being the highest), 4,000 molluscs, 2,546 fish, 460 reptiles, 248 amphibians, 1,232 birds, 397 mammals, and 20,000 invertebrates.
India has 8,000 medicinal plants used in 50,000 herbal formulations.
India has two major biodiversity hotspots: Western Ghats and North East India.
Criteria for biodiversity hotspots include supporting over 1,500 endemic species, having lost over 70% of original habitats, and with high numbers of vertebrates and flowering plants in a small percentage of the land area.
There is a loss of biodiversity in India and globally.
The natural rate of extinction of species is one species per year, however the current rate of extinction is 1 species per hour which is 10,000 times higher than the natural rate.
The main threats to biodiversity include habitat loss, over-exploitation of species, pollution, and invasive species. Loss of wildlife corridors are also detrimental to biodiversity.
Human-wildlife conflicts and trade in wildlife species, such as elephants and tigers, also pose serious threats.
There are 102 national parks, 515 wildlife sanctuaries, 4 conservation reserves, 47 community reserves, 41 tiger reserves, 25 elephant reserves, 25 Ramsar sites, 465 important bird areas, and 5 UNESCO heritage sites within protected areas.
Conservation efforts include the Chipko movement, silent valley saving efforts, and the project elephant conservation initiatives while recognizing that conservation needs to be sustainable to sustain human and wildlife habitats.
International conventions support biodiversity conservation through the Biodiversity Convention, the Ramsar Convention, the World Heritage Convention, and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna.
National conservation strategies include the Indian Forest Act, Environmental Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act, Fisheries Act, Wildlife Protection Act, Biodiversity Act, and Maritime Zones Act.
Solutions for conserving biodiversity involve preserving natural capital, producing better with environmentally sustainable practices, and consuming more wisely. Equitable resource governance is also key.

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Description

Test your knowledge on biodiversity with this quiz covering various aspects such as species diversity, ecosystems, and conservation efforts. Answer questions about methods of estimating biodiversity and the current state of species extinction. Perfect for students and nature enthusiasts alike!