Biodiversity Overview and Impacts
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a consequence of over-exploitation of natural resources?

  • Sustainable resource use
  • Replenishment of species
  • Increased biodiversity
  • Decline of species populations (correct)

What does biodiversity primarily enhance in ecosystems?

  • Technological advancements
  • Cultural conflicts
  • Pollution levels
  • Ecosystem services (correct)

How does ecotourism benefit biodiversity?

  • Increases habitat destruction
  • Creates demand for urban development
  • Generates funding for conservation efforts (correct)
  • Depletes local resources

Which of the following best describes the origin of the term 'biodiversity'?

<p>Coind during the National Forum on Biodiversity in 1986 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant threat to biodiversity mentioned in the content?

<p>Habitat loss and destruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant nutritional role of biodiversity?

<p>Increases genetic resources for food crops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plant-derived substance is used to treat malaria?

<p>Quinine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact can a large population of golden snails have on rice production?

<p>Predict a low production of rice harvest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does pollution have on biodiversity according to the content?

<p>It leads to irreversible damage to species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does biodiversity contribute to human health?

<p>Through the availability of a variety of nutritious food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of wetlands has the world lost in the past 300 years?

<p>87 percent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to alterations in ecosystem composition?

<p>Human habitation and land use changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines biodiversity?

<p>The variety of life in an ecosystem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components that biodiversity connects according to the definition provided?

<p>Scientific realizations and moral values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason for the unsustainable exploitation of natural resources?

<p>Changing human consumption patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might result from habitat simplification and species loss?

<p>Decreased micronutrient availability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does biodiversity include?

<p>Variability among living organisms from all sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the recent trends in biodiversity?

<p>Biodiversity is experiencing a rapid disruption and loss. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major threat posed by the loss of biodiversity?

<p>Threat to human health (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, which aspect is not considered part of biodiversity?

<p>Human-engineered ecosystems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does biodiversity play in ecosystem services?

<p>It is the foundation that contributes to human well-being. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of human activities on biodiversity?

<p>It eliminates genes, species, and biological traits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is emphasized as a reason for protecting biodiversity?

<p>Its contribution to ecosystem functioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives humans to affect biodiversity negatively?

<p>Relentless disruptive activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hazards can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases?

<p>Both physical and social hazards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do bacteria and fungi play in soil quality?

<p>They decompose organic material and enhance nutrient availability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of removing a species from an aquatic ecosystem?

<p>Potential contaminants remaining, which can damage the ecosystem. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do wetland plants contribute to water quality?

<p>By taking up contaminants and purifying the water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms are NOT typically involved in pollination?

<p>Frogs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What importance do smaller organisms have in waste removal?

<p>They help decompose and clean waste material. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is negatively impacted by eutrophication?

<p>Oxygen depletion in water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of biodiversity related to medicine?

<p>Discovery of new medicinal compounds from diverse species. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated economic cost of biodiversity and ecosystem services lost due to land degradation?

<p>More than 10% of annual global gross product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By 2050, what is the expected average reduction in global crop yields due to land degradation and climate change?

<p>10% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of grasslands in Asia is reported to be degraded?

<p>60% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As per the report, how much has marine protected areas increased in Asia over the past 25 years?

<p>14% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rank does the Philippines hold in terms of the number of plant species globally?

<p>Fifth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species are classified as threatened in the Philippines?

<p>At least 700 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of terrestrial wildlife in the Philippines is endemic?

<p>49% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the FAO definition, what percentage of the total land area in the Philippines is covered by forest ecosystems?

<p>24% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Biodiversity

The variability among living organisms from all sources encompassing terrestrial, marine, and aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes they form. Including diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.

Loss of Biodiversity

A rapid disruption and decline in the richness and variability of life on Earth, primarily driven by human activities.

Ecosystem Services

Essential benefits humans receive from healthy ecosystems, such as clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation.

Species Extinction

The complete disappearance of a species from Earth; a significant threat linked to biodiversity loss.

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Human Impact on Biodiversity

Human activities are the primary cause of the current decline in biodiversity, encompassing habitat destruction, pollution, and exploitation of resources.

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Convention on Biological Diversity

International agreement focused on the conservation of biological diversity and sustainable use of its components.

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Types of living things

The wide array of species that cohabit Earth with humans, including fungi, bacteria, plants, animals, and protists.

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Ecological Interplay

The complex relationships between different species within an ecosystem, critical to its functioning.

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Relationship biotic/abiotic

Interdependence between living organisms (biotic) and non-living things (abiotic) in an ecosystem.

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Biodiversity and food production

Biodiversity is essential for sustainable agriculture, providing genetic resources for crops and livestock.

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Nutritional impact of biodiversity

Diverse food sources have different nutritional values.

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Sustainability

Maintaining the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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Origin of Biodiversity

The term "biodiversity" was coined at a 1986 national forum.

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Environmental hazards and health

Environmental dangers can increase the risk of diseases like cancer and asthma.

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Pollination by Animals

The process where animals like butterflies and hummingbirds transfer pollen from one flower to another while feeding on nectar.

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Seed Dispersal

The spreading of plant seeds by animals, often through their droppings after consuming fruits or nuts.

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Medicinal Plants

Plants used for their healing properties, contributing to modern medicine.

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Ecotourism

Travel to natural areas to experience and appreciate nature while contributing to conservation efforts.

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Habitat Loss

The destruction of natural habitats due to human activities like land use changes and deforestation.

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Ecosystem Disruption

Changes within species populations or the environment that can significantly alter the balance of an ecosystem.

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Over-exploitation

Excessive hunting, fishing, or collecting of a species that can lead to its decline or extinction.

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Pollution's Impact

Pollution and contamination can damage ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and causing irreversible harm.

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What are the benefits of biodiversity?

Biodiversity is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems, ensuring clean air and water, regulating climate, providing food and medicine, and supporting a variety of other essential functions.

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How does biodiversity benefit soil?

A diverse range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and invertebrates, are vital for creating and maintaining healthy soil.

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Worms and soil health

Worms play a crucial role in soil health by aerating it, providing nutrients through their castings, and improving drainage.

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How does biodiversity impact water quality?

Diverse ecosystems, like wetlands, can filter contaminants from water, while shellfish help prevent nutrient overloads that can lead to oxygen depletion.

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How does biodiversity help remove waste?

Microbes, fungi, and other organisms are essential for breaking down organic waste like leaves, logs, and dead animals.

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Pollination and seed dispersal

Biodiversity ensures pollination and seed dispersal through the actions of bees, birds, bats, and butterflies, crucial for plant reproduction and healthy ecosystems.

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Why is biodiversity important for medicine?

A wide variety of plants and other organisms provide valuable medicinal resources, potentially holding the key to new treatments and cures.

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Economic Cost of Land Degradation

The financial loss caused by damage to ecosystems, estimated to be over 10% of global GDP annually.

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Impact of Land Degradation on People

Land degradation affects at least 3.2 billion people, primarily through reduced food production, water scarcity and increased poverty.

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Future Impacts of Land Degradation

By 2050, land degradation and climate change will decrease global crop yields by 10% on average, with some regions experiencing up to 50% reduction.

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Degraded Grasslands in Asia

Overgrazing, invasive species, and conversion to agriculture have degraded 60% of Asia's grasslands, impacting wildlife and biodiversity.

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Threatened Biodiversity in Asia

Asia holds 8 out of the 10 most plastic-polluted rivers and nearly 25% of its endemic species are threatened.

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Philippines: Biodiversity Hotspot

One of the world's mega-biodiverse countries, the Philippines holds two-thirds of Earth's biodiversity and ranks fifth in plant species.

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Threatened Species in the Philippines

The Philippines has 700 threatened species, making it a global conservation priority.

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Philippine Fish Biodiversity

The Philippines has at least 3,214 fish species, with 121 endemic and 76 threatened.

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Study Notes

Biodiversity Overview

  • Biodiversity is a critical component of Earth's ecosystems, impacting various aspects of human life and well-being
  • Extensive loss of biodiversity is considered a major environmental concern, exceeding an environmental emergency
  • The loss of biodiversity is driven by human activities
  • Human society is under urgent threat due to declining biodiversity and Earth's natural life
  • The variety of life on Earth is vast and includes species such as fungi, bacteria, plants, animals, and protists
  • Biodiversity forms a crucial foundation for essential ecosystem services, contributing to human well-being

Defining Biodiversity

  • Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems.
  • This diversity encompasses ecological complexes and variations within species and across different ecosystems

Impacts of Biodiversity

  • Biodiversity is crucial for human nutrition, ensuring the sustainable productivity of soils, and providing genetic resources of agricultural crops, livestock, and marine species
  • Sufficient access to nutritious foods is essential for health
  • Food variety is vital for micronutrient availability in the diet
  • Natural systems like wetlands help maintain water quality, filtering contaminants

Threats to Biodiversity

  • The major causes are habitat loss/destruction and alterations within ecosystems
  • Overexploitation of resources
  • Pollution and contamination
  • Global climate change
  • Major threats arise from human activities involving land use conversions and economic benefits.

Benefits of Biodiversity

  • Soil quality
  • Water quality
  • Waste removal
  • Pollination and seed dispersal
  • Medicine
  • Ecotourism

Biodiversity in Specific Locations

  • In Asia, grasslands have been degraded by overuse, converting them for other land uses.
  • 25% of the region's endemic species are threatened.
  • Protected areas are increasing in some areas
  • The Philippines is a mega-biodiverse country, with high levels of plant and animal species endemism.
  • 70-80% of the world's plant and animal species are located in the location.
  • The country plays a major role in global biodiversity.
  • There are concerns and efforts toward conservation.

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Biodiversity Loss: An Environmental Crisis PDF

Description

Explore the vital role of biodiversity in Earth's ecosystems and its significance for human well-being. This quiz examines the critical components of biodiversity, its definition, and the impacts of its loss driven by human activities. Understand how various forms of life contribute to essential ecosystem services.

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