Biodiversity Hotspot Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is a biodiversity hotspot?

A biodiversity hotspot is a natural ecosystem that is largely intact and where native species and communities associated with these ecosystems are well represented. It also has a high diversity of locally endemic species.

How does the IUCN classify biodiversity hotspots?

They cover less than 10% of the global surface but support more than 70% of the biological diversity on Earth and are highly endemic and at high threat.

Why does Australia have so many hotspots?

Australia has many hotspots due to its isolation, which allowed animals to evolve over time.

Why does Western Australia have so many hotspots and what is an example of an endemic species?

Western Australia has many hotspots due to being separated from the rest of the continent by desert, allowing unique evolution. An example of an endemic species is the endangered western swamp tortoise. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a biodiversity hotspot?

The Great Barrier Reef, Queensland. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Great Barrier Reef a hotspot?

It is home to more than 1,500 species of fish, 411 types of hard coral, one-third of the world's soft corals, 134 species of sharks and rays, six of the world's seven species of threatened marine turtles, and 30 species of marine mammals. Signup and view all the answers

What are the threats to the Great Barrier Reef?

Climate change and human destruction. Signup and view all the answers

What are we doing to minimize threats to the Great Barrier Reef?

We are implementing legislation, zoning plans and permits, research, partnerships, education, compliance measures, and the Great Barrier Reef Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2013. Signup and view all the answers

What species of the Great Barrier Reef are threatened?

Marine turtles, dugongs, and whales. Signup and view all the answers

What is biodiversity?

The variety of life within the biosphere, measured on three levels: species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity. Signup and view all the answers

What is an endemic species?

Species that belong only to a specific area and cannot be found anywhere else; they are generally endangered. Signup and view all the answers

What is topography?

The arrangement of physical features, both natural and artificial, of an area. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biodiversity Hotspots

Biodiversity hotspots are intact natural ecosystems with high numbers of native species and communities.
Characterized by a significant diversity of endemic species, which are unique to the hotspot and rarely found elsewhere.

IUCN Classification

Biodiversity hotspots cover less than 10% of the Earth's surface but host over 70% of biological diversity.
Highly endemic species in these areas face substantial threats, making conservation efforts critical.

Australia's Hotspots

Australia's geographic isolation has allowed diverse species to evolve uniquely.
The country's environment supports a variety of biodiversity hotspots.

Western Australia’s Hotspots

Western Australia's unique deserts isolate species leading to millions of years of evolutionary development.
The endangered western swamp tortoise is an example of an endemic species in this region.

Example of a Biodiversity Hotspot

The Great Barrier Reef in Queensland is a prominent biodiversity hotspot with immense ecological significance.

Great Barrier Reef’s Biodiversity

The reef is home to over 1,500 fish species, 411 hard coral types, and one-third of the world's soft corals.
Supports 134 species of sharks and rays, six of the seven threatened marine turtle species, and 30 marine mammals including dugongs.

Threats to the Great Barrier Reef

Climate change has caused eight mass coral bleaching events since 1979, severely impacting the ecosystem.
Human activities contribute to habitat destruction and further threaten the reef's biodiversity.

Conservation Efforts

Legislative measures and zoning plans are implemented to protect the reef.
Research, partnerships, and educational initiatives guide compliance and conservation strategies.
The Great Barrier Reef Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2013 provides a comprehensive management framework.

Threatened Species of the Great Barrier Reef

Marine turtles, dugongs, and whales are among the species at risk due to environmental pressures.

Understanding Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life within the biosphere and is assessed at three levels: species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

Endemic Species

Endemic species are unique to a specific location and cannot be found elsewhere; they are often endangered due to their limited range.

Topography Defined

Topography encompasses the arrangement of physical features, both natural and man-made, in a particular area, influencing ecological relationships.

Description

Test your knowledge on biodiversity hotspots with these flashcards. Explore definitions and classifications provided by the IUCN. This quiz will enhance your understanding of vital ecosystems and their unique species.