Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following regions is NOT considered a biodiversity hot spot in India?
Which of the following regions is NOT considered a biodiversity hot spot in India?
- The Western Ghats
- The Thar Desert (correct)
- Sundaland
- The Eastern Himalayas
What term is used for species that are likely to become endangered without improvements in their threatening circumstances?
What term is used for species that are likely to become endangered without improvements in their threatening circumstances?
- Threatened species
- Vulnerable species (correct)
- Rare species
- Endangered species
Which of the following species is considered an endangered animal species of India?
Which of the following species is considered an endangered animal species of India?
- Nilgiri Langur
- Gharial (correct)
- Sarus crane
- Common Myna
What is the purpose of the Red Data Book?
What is the purpose of the Red Data Book?
Which animal is referred to as 'kala hiran' in India?
Which animal is referred to as 'kala hiran' in India?
What distinguishes rare species from endangered species?
What distinguishes rare species from endangered species?
Which of the following species is categorized as vulnerable in India?
Which of the following species is categorized as vulnerable in India?
Which organization is responsible for maintaining the Red Data Book?
Which organization is responsible for maintaining the Red Data Book?
What is a primary consequence of large-scale poaching and habitat destruction related to black bucks?
What is a primary consequence of large-scale poaching and habitat destruction related to black bucks?
Which of the following statements accurately describes endemic species?
Which of the following statements accurately describes endemic species?
Which of the following is considered an EDGE species?
Which of the following is considered an EDGE species?
What habitat do black bucks primarily prefer?
What habitat do black bucks primarily prefer?
Which of the following plants is not endemic to India?
Which of the following plants is not endemic to India?
What does endemism refer to in relation to species distribution?
What does endemism refer to in relation to species distribution?
What is one of the key roles of ecosystems in relation to soil?
What is one of the key roles of ecosystems in relation to soil?
Which of the following animals is not listed as an endemic species of India?
Which of the following animals is not listed as an endemic species of India?
Which of the following statements about biodiversity hotspots is correct?
Which of the following statements about biodiversity hotspots is correct?
Which statement about EDGE species is true?
Which statement about EDGE species is true?
How does biodiversity contribute to health and healing?
How does biodiversity contribute to health and healing?
Which of the following is NOT one of the phytogeographical regions of India?
Which of the following is NOT one of the phytogeographical regions of India?
Which zoogeographical region is located in the southern part of India?
Which zoogeographical region is located in the southern part of India?
What are some ethical values associated with biodiversity?
What are some ethical values associated with biodiversity?
What is one economic value of biodiversity?
What is one economic value of biodiversity?
What aspect of diversity is NOT mentioned as a field of diversity in India?
What aspect of diversity is NOT mentioned as a field of diversity in India?
In which year did Conservation International identify India as one of the mega-diverse countries?
In which year did Conservation International identify India as one of the mega-diverse countries?
Which of the following best describes 'endemism' in the context of biodiversity hotspots?
Which of the following best describes 'endemism' in the context of biodiversity hotspots?
Which of the following regions is NOT included in India's phytogeographical regions?
Which of the following regions is NOT included in India's phytogeographical regions?
What is the primary concern regarding the decline in biodiversity?
What is the primary concern regarding the decline in biodiversity?
How does eco-tourism relate to biodiversity?
How does eco-tourism relate to biodiversity?
What is the primary purpose of wildlife conservation?
What is the primary purpose of wildlife conservation?
What does in situ conservation refer to?
What does in situ conservation refer to?
Which of the following statements about national parks is true?
Which of the following statements about national parks is true?
What is prohibited in a wildlife sanctuary?
What is prohibited in a wildlife sanctuary?
Which of the following best describes wildlife sanctuaries?
Which of the following best describes wildlife sanctuaries?
What is a core characteristic of a national park?
What is a core characteristic of a national park?
How does ex situ conservation differ from in situ conservation?
How does ex situ conservation differ from in situ conservation?
Which statement is accurate regarding the legal status of wildlife in sanctuaries?
Which statement is accurate regarding the legal status of wildlife in sanctuaries?
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Study Notes
Hot Spots of Biodiversity
- Biodiversity hotspots are biogeographic regions with significant biodiversity under threat.
- India has four major biodiversity hotspots:
- The Western Ghats
- The Eastern Himalayas
- Indo-Burma
- Sundaland (Nicobar Islands)
Endangered Species
- Endangered species face imminent extinction threats.
- Notable endangered animals in India include:
- Red panda
- Gir lion
- Gharial
- Great Indian bustard
Vulnerable Species
- Vulnerable species are likely to become endangered without improved survival conditions.
- Examples in India include:
- Sarus crane
- Nilgiri Langur
- Barasingha
Rare Species
- Rare species are uncommon and often found in isolated locations.
- The term "rare" designates species that are not endangered but considered at risk.
Red Data Book
- Compiled by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
- Documents rare and endangered species of plants, animals, fungi, and local species within specific regions.
Black Buck
- Known as kala hiran in India.
- Previously widespread across India, now limited to certain states like Punjab, Gujarat, and Haryana.
- Open plains need conservation efforts for black buck survival.
Values of Biodiversity
- Survival relies on biodiversity for food, fuel, and medicines.
- Ethical and aesthetic values stem from appreciation of existence and beauty in nature, fostering eco-tourism.
Endemic Species
- Species endemic to a region are confined there or have originated there.
- Examples include:
- True Cardamom
- Peepal tree
- One-horned rhino
EDGE Species
- Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) species have unique evolutionary history.
- Examples include:
- Asian elephants
- Chinese pangolin
- Malayan tapir
Conservation of Biodiversity
- Wildlife conservation focuses on protecting species and their habitats through two approaches:
- In situ Conservation: Protection within natural habitats.
- Ex situ Conservation: Protection away from natural habitats.
In-situ Conservation
- National Parks: Areas dedicated to conserving wildlife and natural scenery; no human inhabitation allowed.
- Wildlife Sanctuaries: Protected areas where interference with natural life is prohibited; hunting and capturing are restricted.
Phyto-geographical Regions of India
- India is classified into several phytogeographical regions based on flora:
- Western Himalayas
- Eastern Himalayas
- Western Deserts
- Gangetic Plains
- Central India
- Western Coast
- Deccan Plateau
- North-East India
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Zoo-geographical Regions of India
- India's faunal diversity is categorized into:
- Himalayan Region
- Malabar Region
- Nilgiri Region
- Northern Plains
- Desert Lands
- Deccan Plateau Region
India: A Mega-diversity Nation
- India is recognized as one of the 18 mega-diverse countries identified by Conservation International in 1998.
- Areas of diversity include geographical, climatic, biodiversity, habitat, and cultural diversity.
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