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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the Earth's land surface do the 36 biodiversity hotspots represent?
What percentage of the Earth's land surface do the 36 biodiversity hotspots represent?
Which of the following regions is NOT classified as a global biodiversity hotspot in India?
Which of the following regions is NOT classified as a global biodiversity hotspot in India?
Which biodiversity hotspot includes the Nicobar group of Islands?
Which biodiversity hotspot includes the Nicobar group of Islands?
About how many endemic plant species are supported by the 36 biodiversity hotspots?
About how many endemic plant species are supported by the 36 biodiversity hotspots?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of biodiversity hotspots?
Which of the following is a characteristic of biodiversity hotspots?
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The Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot includes which part of India?
The Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot includes which part of India?
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Which two regions are part of the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka hotspot?
Which two regions are part of the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka hotspot?
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What is the total number of biodiversity hotspots mentioned in the provided information?
What is the total number of biodiversity hotspots mentioned in the provided information?
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What is an example of in-situ conservation?
What is an example of in-situ conservation?
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How many national parks are there in the protected area network?
How many national parks are there in the protected area network?
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Which of the following is not considered an ex-situ conservation method?
Which of the following is not considered an ex-situ conservation method?
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What type of conservation strategies does a biosphere reserve represent?
What type of conservation strategies does a biosphere reserve represent?
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Which of the following areas is part of the listed protected area network?
Which of the following areas is part of the listed protected area network?
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How many total protected areas are listed?
How many total protected areas are listed?
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Which of the following represents a method of ex-situ conservation?
Which of the following represents a method of ex-situ conservation?
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Which district houses the Majathal Sanctuary?
Which district houses the Majathal Sanctuary?
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What is the role of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) regarding protected areas?
What is the role of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) regarding protected areas?
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Which of the following statements best describes a national park in India?
Which of the following statements best describes a national park in India?
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Who has the authority to declare a national park in India?
Who has the authority to declare a national park in India?
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What is a major difference between a national park and a wildlife sanctuary?
What is a major difference between a national park and a wildlife sanctuary?
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What was the original name of Jim Corbett National Park?
What was the original name of Jim Corbett National Park?
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Which of the following is NOT true about the boundaries of national parks?
Which of the following is NOT true about the boundaries of national parks?
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Which of the following is an ex-officio member of the National Board for Wildlife?
Which of the following is an ex-officio member of the National Board for Wildlife?
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What is the primary purpose of a wildlife sanctuary?
What is the primary purpose of a wildlife sanctuary?
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What was the primary purpose for establishing the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)?
What was the primary purpose for establishing the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)?
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Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs)?
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs)?
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How many Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) are there in India approximately?
How many Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) are there in India approximately?
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Which act was amended in 1988 in India, focusing on conservation?
Which act was amended in 1988 in India, focusing on conservation?
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In which Indian state does the highest number of Biodiversity Management Committees exist?
In which Indian state does the highest number of Biodiversity Management Committees exist?
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Which international convention did India become a party to in 1976?
Which international convention did India become a party to in 1976?
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What type of body is the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)?
What type of body is the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)?
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What is one of the functions of the local level Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs)?
What is one of the functions of the local level Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs)?
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What is a significant threat to the Trans Himalaya zone?
What is a significant threat to the Trans Himalaya zone?
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Which biogeographic zone experiences the threat of grassland degradation?
Which biogeographic zone experiences the threat of grassland degradation?
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Which of the following factors contributes to the biodiversity of India?
Which of the following factors contributes to the biodiversity of India?
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What is a common threat to both the Western Ghats and the Islands?
What is a common threat to both the Western Ghats and the Islands?
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The amount of area India occupies in the world can be expressed as a percentage. What is this percentage?
The amount of area India occupies in the world can be expressed as a percentage. What is this percentage?
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Which biogeographic zone faces threats from shifting cultivation?
Which biogeographic zone faces threats from shifting cultivation?
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What percentage does India account for in terms of Earth's biodiversity?
What percentage does India account for in terms of Earth's biodiversity?
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Which zone is primarily affected by invasive species and exotic plantations?
Which zone is primarily affected by invasive species and exotic plantations?
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Study Notes
Biodiversity Conservation Methods
- In-situ conservation protects species in their natural environments, encompassing national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves.
- Ex-situ conservation involves maintaining and preserving biological diversity through facilities like botanical gardens, seed banks, and zoological gardens.
Protected Areas in India
- Total protected areas in India include 106 national parks, 566 wildlife sanctuaries, 97 conservation reserves, and 214 community reserves, totaling 983.
- Examples of wildlife sanctuaries include Majathal (30.86 sq km) and Pong Dam Lake (207.59 sq km).
Global Biodiversity Hotspots
- 36 global biodiversity hotspots cover 2.3% of Earth's land yet host over 50% of endemic plant species.
- Four hotspots in India are Himalaya, Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma, and Sundalands.
Biogeographic Zones of India
- India is divided into 10 biogeographic zones, each facing distinct threats:
- Trans Himalaya: Climate change, tourism, poaching.
- Western Ghats: Invasive species, mining, habitat loss.
- Gangetic Plain: Deforestation, pollution, land-use change.
India's Biodiversity Significance
- India hosts 8% of the world’s biodiversity within only 2.4% of the planet's total land area.
- It ranks among the top 10 biodiverse countries and is classified as a mega-diversity region.
Wildlife Conservation Authorities
- National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) includes the Prime Minister and 46 members, advising on protected area management.
- Protected areas such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are crucial for ecological and biodiversity conservation.
National Parks
- National parks are defined areas for ecological preservation and include Jim Corbett National Park, established in 1936.
- Once designated as national parks, their status cannot be downgraded to wildlife sanctuaries.
Regulatory Framework and Legislation
- Various laws govern biodiversity including the Forest Conservation Act (1980) and the Biodiversity Act (2002).
- India is a signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) since 1976.
Decentralized Biodiversity Management
- National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), established in 2003, oversees the implementation of the Biological Diversity Act and promotes sustainable use.
- State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) are established to advise local governments on biodiversity conservation and utilize biological resources.
Local Biodiversity Management Committees
- About 33,437 Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) function at the local level to promote conservation and sustainable practices.
- Madhya Pradesh has the highest number of BMCs with 23,743.
Global Importance of Biodiversity Conservation
- Biodiversity conservation is a global concern that transcends national borders, requiring collaboration and cooperation across countries and communities.
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Description
This quiz covers various biodiversity conservation methods including in-situ and ex-situ strategies. It also highlights the protected areas in India and identifies global biodiversity hotspots along with biogeographic zones. Test your knowledge about the mechanisms and locations crucial for preserving biodiversity.
