Questions and Answers
Which type of region is likely to have the highest biodiversity?
Endemic species are those that can be found in multiple regions worldwide.
False
What is biodiversity?
The variety of living species on Earth, including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi.
Greater genetic diversity within a species can make that species more resistant to ______.
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Match the following types of biodiversity with their definitions:
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What term is used for areas rich in endemic species?
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Genetic variation within a species can lead to differences among individuals, as shown in dogs.
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Why are scientists and communities making efforts to preserve biodiversity?
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What role do bees and other insects play in an ecosystem?
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Ecosystems with low biodiversity are generally more resistant to disease than those with high biodiversity.
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Name two ways biodiversity is important to humans.
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As biodiversity decreases, ecosystems become more __________.
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Match the following industries with their reliance on plant biodiversity:
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Study Notes
Definition of Biodiversity
- Represents the variety of living species on Earth, including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi.
- Richness in biodiversity means many species remain undiscovered.
- Human activities threaten many species with extinction, jeopardizing biodiversity.
Measurement of Biodiversity
- Count of total species in a specific area is a common biodiversity measure.
- Tropical regions, warm year-round, exhibit the highest biodiversity.
- Temperate regions, with warm summers and cool winters, show less biodiversity.
- Cold or dry regions, like mountaintops and deserts, have even lower biodiversity.
- Proximity to the Equator generally correlates with greater biodiversity.
Endemic Species and Biodiversity Hotspots
- Areas with numerous endemic species (species unique to a location) are classified as biodiversity hotspots.
- Scientists and communities actively work to preserve biodiversity in these critical regions.
Ecosystem and Genetic Diversity
- Biodiversity also encompasses the variety of ecosystems, such as deserts, grasslands, and rainforests.
- Genetic diversity refers to variations in genes within a species, influencing traits and adaptability.
- Human beings possess about 25,000 genes, with some being identical across individuals and others differing.
- Higher genetic diversity boosts resistance to diseases and enhances adaptation to environmental changes.
Importance of Biodiversity
- Interconnectedness: all species rely on each other for survival.
- Ecosystems with high biodiversity are more robust and disease-resistant.
- Examples of interdependence include forests providing habitat, animals consuming plants, and fungi aiding soil fertility.
Benefits to Humans
- Plants contribute to human life by producing oxygen, food, shade, materials, medicines, and fibers.
- Plant root systems help prevent flooding and maintain soil fertility and water quality.
- The decline in biodiversity disrupts these essential systems and services.
Economic Implications
- Many industries, including agriculture, construction, pharmaceuticals, and fashion, depend on plant biodiversity.
- Disruption or destruction of ecosystems can lead to significant economic repercussions for local communities.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of biodiversity, which encompasses the variety of life forms on Earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It highlights the importance of biodiversity and the threats it faces due to human activities. Test your knowledge on different types of biodiversity and their significance in ecological balance.
