Biodiversity and Conservation
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Questions and Answers

What is the term given to the total number of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms living on the earth?

  • Ecological diversity
  • Genetic diversity
  • Species diversity
  • Biodiversity (correct)

    • Which of the following scientists is credited with popularizing the term biodiversity?

  • Jane Goodall
  • Charles Darwin
  • Edward O. Wilson (correct)
  • E.O. Martin

    • What is the approximate number of species of fishes found on earth?

  • 30,000
  • 20,000
  • 28,000 (correct)
  • 10,000

    • What is the term used to describe the variety of different species within a given ecosystem?

    <p>Species diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of biodiversity involves the variety of genes within a species?

    <p>Genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the variety of ecosystems and biomes on the planet?

    <p>Ecological diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of species that have become extinct in the last 20 years?

    <p>27</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of mammal species are facing the threat of extinction?

    <p>23%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the 6th mass extinction of species?

    <p>Anthropogenic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated rate of species extinction compared to natural extinctions?

    <p>100 to 1,000 times faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of continuing the present trends in biodiversity loss?

    <p>Nearly half of all species will be wiped out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of in-situ conservation strategies?

    <p>Preserving entire ecosystems and their biodiversity on site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary criterion for designating hotspots?

    <p>Degree of species richness and endemism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately what percentage of the world's land area do hotspots cover?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated percentage decrease in mass extinction that could be achieved by protecting hotspots?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of in-situ conservation strategy?

    <p>Seed banks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions in India is NOT a designated hotspot?

    <p>Thar Desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of ex-situ conservation?

    <p>To preserve threatened species in controlled environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cryopreservation used for in conservation?

    <p>To preserve threatened species gametes in viable and fertile conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development?

    <p>A pledge by 190 countries to reduce biodiversity loss by 2010</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between in-situ and ex-situ conservation?

    <p>In-situ conservation involves preserving species in their natural habitats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is biodiversity conservation considered a collective responsibility of all nations?

    <p>Because biodiversity knows no political boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of seed banks in conservation?

    <p>To preserve seeds of different genetic strains of commercially important plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of maintaining national parks?

    <p>To preserve and protect wildlife and their habitats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between national parks and wildlife sanctuaries?

    <p>National parks do not allow human activities, while wildlife sanctuaries allow some human activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following species is protected in the Khangchendzonga National Park?

    <p>Snow leopard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the first national park in India?

    <p>Jim Corbett National Park</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did the protection of Elephants start in Simlipal Sanctuary?

    <p>1991</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of Biosphere reserves in India?

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor contributing to the high diversity in tropical regions?

    <p>Higher solar energy received</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of insect species yet to be discovered and named in the tropical Amazonian rain forest?

    <p>At least two million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of tropical regions that leads to greater species diversity?

    <p>Less seasonal and relatively constant climate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the difference in species diversity between tropical and temperate regions?

    <p>Temperate regions have more frequent glaciations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of bird species found in the Columbia Tropical region?

    <p>1,400</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the high species diversity in tropical regions?

    <p>Stable conditions and speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of plant and animal species globally?

    <p>More than 1.5 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe species that play a critical role in the functioning and stability of the entire ecosystem?

    <p>Keystone species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the world's land area does India occupy?

    <p>2.4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the variety of ecosystem?

    <p>Ecological diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the complete disappearance of a species?

    <p>Loss of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many biogeographical regions are there in India?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of anthropogenic extinction?

    <p>Human activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of animal species in India?

    <p>90,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the IUCN Red List, how many vertebrates were documented as extinct in 2004?

    <p>338</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of species that have become extinct in the last 500 years?

    <p>784</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is India considered one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world?

    <p>Due to its high species diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the dying off or extermination of a large number of species due to catastrophes?

    <p>Mass extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between species richness and area according to the Species-Area Relationship?

    <p>S ∝ A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the slope regression coefficient (Z) in the Species-Area Relationship?

    <p>It shows the relationship between species richness and area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of species diversity in an ecosystem?

    <p>It is important for stability, productivity, and resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of David Tilman's work on long-term ecosystem experiments?

    <p>He discovered the importance of species diversity in ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a stable community?

    <p>It is resistant to invasions by alien species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the slope of the line and the area in the Species-Area Relationship?

    <p>The slope of the line is steeper for larger areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the categorization of a species when the last individual has died?

    <p>Extinct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for conserving biodiversity?

    <p>To derive economic benefits from nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of biodiversity that involves the variety of genes within a species?

    <p>Genetic biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the categorization of a species when it has failed to record an individual in its known habitat?

    <p>Extinct in the Wild</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to conserve biodiversity at all levels?

    <p>To recognize the diversity at all levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the categorization of a species when it has an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future?

    <p>Critically Endangered</p> Signup and view all the answers

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