Biodiversity and Climate Impact Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which hypothesis is an appropriate hypothesis for this study: "Lower ocean pH levels increase fish mortality rates"?

Not an Appropriate Hypothesis

Alternate Hypothesis (correct)

Null Hypothesis

Which statement describes a climate phenomenon?

Lower average annual precipitation in deserts than in the tropics (correct)

An atmospheric river that drops heavy rainfall in Davis

A tornado in Kansas

Higher fire risk in California than in Kansas

What is the impact of greenhouse gasses like carbon dioxide on the Earth's radiation budget?

They increase the amount of radiation that is retained in the atmosphere. (correct)

They increase the amount of radiation that is reflected by clouds into space.

They decrease the amount of radiation that is retained in the atmosphere.

They increase the amount of radiation that the Earth receives from the sun.

Based on the provided data, which nutrient is limiting the plant growth in the garden?

Phosphorous (P) (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to optimal foraging theory, which meadow should the honeybees visit for optimal foraging?

Meadow C (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid hypothesis for this study: "Lower ocean pH levels increase fish mortality rates"?

Lower ocean pH levels decrease fish mortality rates. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate hypothesis for the given study?

Increased fish mortality leads to higher ocean pH levels. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements describes a weather phenomenon?

A tornado in Kansas (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided about penguins' distribution, what is the most likely explanation for their presence on geographically isolated landmasses?

Dispersal of ancestral penguin species from a common origin to various locations over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between taxonomic ranks?

A taxonomic grouping at any level could contain only a single species, for example, a monotypic genus. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the chlorophyll ratio data, which coral species appears to be most resilient to increasing ocean temperatures?

N. turbida (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a factor affecting a species' ability to cope with environmental changes, such as ocean acidification?

The mass of the individual organism (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the study on ocean acidification, what is the purpose of exposing fish to normal pH levels?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between allocation and trade-offs in biological systems?

Allocation refers to distributing resources, while trade-offs imply a loss or compromise. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of an organism's response to resource acquisition?

An animal exhibiting camouflage to avoid predators (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is thermoregulation essential for maintaining biological processes?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most likely trade-off imposed by sweating, panting, and transpiration as a means of reducing body temperature?

An increased risk of dehydration or desiccation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the life history data provided, how would you classify the newly discovered deep-sea fish species in terms of r and K selection?

This species has some r-selected traits and some K-selected traits (at both ends of the continuum, representing both extremes) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly orders the taxonomic ranks from most broad to most specific?

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the difference between species richness and species evenness?

Species richness refers to the number of species in a community, while species evenness refers to the relative abundance of each species. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What process primarily drives the difference in vegetation between the western- and eastern-facing slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains?

Differences in temperature patterns on the two slopes (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the tilt of the Earth's axis contribute to the occurrence of seasons?

The tilt affects the amount of sunlight different regions of the Earth receive throughout the year. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Compared to historic levels, how do current concentrations of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide compare?

Current concentrations are significantly higher than historical levels. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Principle of Allocation, which of the following best defines the concept of a trade-off?

The limitations on an organism's ability to maximize all life functions simultaneously due to limited resources. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts relates directly to the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external fluctuations?

Hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the question about the lack of native amphibians in the Hawaiian Islands relevant to the concept of osmoregulation?

Amphibians have a permeable skin that makes them vulnerable to dehydration in environments with high salinity. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of concepts relates to the geographical distribution of species based on environmental factors like temperature?

Bergmann's Rule and Allen's Rule (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best explains why increased CO2 in the atmosphere might not significantly increase photosynthetic rates in plants?

Plants are limited by other resources, such as sunlight and water, and increased CO<del>2</del> alone may not directly increase their availability. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does optimal foraging theory relate to the human preference for sugary and fatty foods?

These foods provide a high energy density, which was beneficial for humans in the past when food scarcity was common. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to water movement in a fish's body when it swims from freshwater to saltwater?

Water moves out of the fish's body. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term appropriately describes the adaptation salmon make when adjusting their salt regulations to change environments?

Acclimation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why would a region with a high prevalence of agricultural lands be a suitable habitat for wild turkeys?

Wild turkeys are primarily herbivores and agricultural fields offer an abundant food source. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of niche is being described by the statement: 'The realized niche of wild turkeys excludes regions inhabited by wild peafowl'?

Realized Niche (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which statement accurately describes the relationship between the fundamental niche and realized niche of wild turkeys?

The fundamental niche is always larger than the realized niche. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding wild turkeys is a true reflection of a realized niche?

Wild turkeys are commonly found in regions with a high prevalence of agricultural lands. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided information, which of the following would NOT influence the realized niche of wild turkeys?

The ability of wild turkeys to tolerate cold weather. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these examples represents a possible reason for the realized niche of wild turkeys being reduced compared to their fundamental niche?

Wild turkeys compete with another species for resources. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biodiversity, Climate, and Biomes

Penguin distribution is best explained by dispersal of ancestral species to unconnected landmasses, not plate tectonics, or independent evolution in different regions, or the rainshadow effect.
A taxonomic class contains at least as many species as an order within that class; a phylum generally contains more species than a class or order; taxonomic groupings can contain a single species.
Higher chlorophyll ratios in corals indicate more algal partners, which correlates to higher heat tolerance. Species with the highest heat tolerance are Porites corals and Acropora corals.

Resource Acquisition, Osmoregulation, Thermoregulation, and Scaling

Fish mortality is influenced by ocean acidity. Higher pH levels are predicted to decrease fish mortality. Lower ocean pH levels are predicted to lead to increasing fish mortality. The neutral effect means that no significant changes are expected under high and low pH conditions.
Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions, whereas climate is long-term atmospheric conditions. A tornado in Kansas is an example of weather. An atmospheric river/precip event in Davis is a weather event. Lower average annual precip in deserts vs. tropics is climate. Higher fire risk in California than Kansas is climate.

Greenhouse gas effects

Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide, retain more radiation in the atmosphere (rather than reflecting it back into space).

Plant Growth

Determine limiting plant nutrients in a garden by comparing plant growth in the presence or absence of added nutrients. Nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum, potassium, and nickel can limit plant growth, in that order.

Honeybee foraging

Optimal foraging theory predicts honeybees should visit meadows with the highest ratio of energy content to flight time. Meadows with the best energy return per amount of flight time will be optimal for honeybee foraging.

Fish Migration and Osmoregulation

Anadromous fish migrate between marine and freshwater environments (i.e. saltwater and freshwater). Their bodies must adapt to differing concentrations of salt.

Wild Turkeys

Wild turkey niche is influenced by human agricultural activities and is potentially reduced by competition with peafowl. Fundamental niche changes over their lifespan, but realized niche is influenced by human activity and competition from other species.

Plant Resource Acquisition

Plant photosynthesis may or may not increase with increased CO2 in the atmosphere. Increased CO2 does not always guarantee a higher photosynthetic rate

Human Food Preferences

Optimal foraging theory suggests that humans' fondness for sugary foods has evolved as a preference for energy-rich foods.

Jepson Prairie Plant Growth

Research on plant populations at Jepson Prairie could determine limiting resources for plant growth such as water, nutrients, or sunlight.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on biodiversity, climate effects, and biomes. This quiz covers concepts like species distribution, taxonomic classifications, and the impacts of ocean acidity on fish mortality. Dive into the interactions between these ecological and environmental factors.