Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which hypothesis is an appropriate hypothesis for this study: "Lower ocean pH levels increase fish mortality rates"?
Which hypothesis is an appropriate hypothesis for this study: "Lower ocean pH levels increase fish mortality rates"?
- Not an Appropriate Hypothesis
- Alternate Hypothesis (correct)
- Null Hypothesis
Which statement describes a climate phenomenon?
Which statement describes a climate phenomenon?
- Lower average annual precipitation in deserts than in the tropics (correct)
- An atmospheric river that drops heavy rainfall in Davis
- A tornado in Kansas
- Higher fire risk in California than in Kansas
What is the impact of greenhouse gasses like carbon dioxide on the Earth's radiation budget?
What is the impact of greenhouse gasses like carbon dioxide on the Earth's radiation budget?
- They increase the amount of radiation that is retained in the atmosphere. (correct)
- They increase the amount of radiation that is reflected by clouds into space.
- They decrease the amount of radiation that is retained in the atmosphere.
- They increase the amount of radiation that the Earth receives from the sun.
Based on the provided data, which nutrient is limiting the plant growth in the garden?
Based on the provided data, which nutrient is limiting the plant growth in the garden?
According to optimal foraging theory, which meadow should the honeybees visit for optimal foraging?
According to optimal foraging theory, which meadow should the honeybees visit for optimal foraging?
Which of the following is NOT a valid hypothesis for this study: "Lower ocean pH levels increase fish mortality rates"?
Which of the following is NOT a valid hypothesis for this study: "Lower ocean pH levels increase fish mortality rates"?
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate hypothesis for the given study?
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate hypothesis for the given study?
Which of the following statements describes a weather phenomenon?
Which of the following statements describes a weather phenomenon?
Based on the information provided about penguins' distribution, what is the most likely explanation for their presence on geographically isolated landmasses?
Based on the information provided about penguins' distribution, what is the most likely explanation for their presence on geographically isolated landmasses?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between taxonomic ranks?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between taxonomic ranks?
Based on the chlorophyll ratio data, which coral species appears to be most resilient to increasing ocean temperatures?
Based on the chlorophyll ratio data, which coral species appears to be most resilient to increasing ocean temperatures?
Which of these is NOT a factor affecting a species' ability to cope with environmental changes, such as ocean acidification?
Which of these is NOT a factor affecting a species' ability to cope with environmental changes, such as ocean acidification?
In the context of the study on ocean acidification, what is the purpose of exposing fish to normal pH levels?
In the context of the study on ocean acidification, what is the purpose of exposing fish to normal pH levels?
What is the primary difference between allocation and trade-offs in biological systems?
What is the primary difference between allocation and trade-offs in biological systems?
Which of the following is NOT an example of an organism's response to resource acquisition?
Which of the following is NOT an example of an organism's response to resource acquisition?
Why is thermoregulation essential for maintaining biological processes?
Why is thermoregulation essential for maintaining biological processes?
Which of the following is the most likely trade-off imposed by sweating, panting, and transpiration as a means of reducing body temperature?
Which of the following is the most likely trade-off imposed by sweating, panting, and transpiration as a means of reducing body temperature?
Based on the life history data provided, how would you classify the newly discovered deep-sea fish species in terms of r and K selection?
Based on the life history data provided, how would you classify the newly discovered deep-sea fish species in terms of r and K selection?
Which of the following correctly orders the taxonomic ranks from most broad to most specific?
Which of the following correctly orders the taxonomic ranks from most broad to most specific?
Which of the following describes the difference between species richness and species evenness?
Which of the following describes the difference between species richness and species evenness?
What process primarily drives the difference in vegetation between the western- and eastern-facing slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains?
What process primarily drives the difference in vegetation between the western- and eastern-facing slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains?
How does the tilt of the Earth's axis contribute to the occurrence of seasons?
How does the tilt of the Earth's axis contribute to the occurrence of seasons?
Compared to historic levels, how do current concentrations of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide compare?
Compared to historic levels, how do current concentrations of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide compare?
According to the Principle of Allocation, which of the following best defines the concept of a trade-off?
According to the Principle of Allocation, which of the following best defines the concept of a trade-off?
Which of the following concepts relates directly to the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external fluctuations?
Which of the following concepts relates directly to the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external fluctuations?
Why is the question about the lack of native amphibians in the Hawaiian Islands relevant to the concept of osmoregulation?
Why is the question about the lack of native amphibians in the Hawaiian Islands relevant to the concept of osmoregulation?
Which pair of concepts relates to the geographical distribution of species based on environmental factors like temperature?
Which pair of concepts relates to the geographical distribution of species based on environmental factors like temperature?
Which of the following statements best explains why increased CO2 in the atmosphere might not significantly increase photosynthetic rates in plants?
Which of the following statements best explains why increased CO2 in the atmosphere might not significantly increase photosynthetic rates in plants?
How does optimal foraging theory relate to the human preference for sugary and fatty foods?
How does optimal foraging theory relate to the human preference for sugary and fatty foods?
What happens to water movement in a fish's body when it swims from freshwater to saltwater?
What happens to water movement in a fish's body when it swims from freshwater to saltwater?
Which term appropriately describes the adaptation salmon make when adjusting their salt regulations to change environments?
Which term appropriately describes the adaptation salmon make when adjusting their salt regulations to change environments?
Why would a region with a high prevalence of agricultural lands be a suitable habitat for wild turkeys?
Why would a region with a high prevalence of agricultural lands be a suitable habitat for wild turkeys?
What type of niche is being described by the statement: 'The realized niche of wild turkeys excludes regions inhabited by wild peafowl'?
What type of niche is being described by the statement: 'The realized niche of wild turkeys excludes regions inhabited by wild peafowl'?
Based on the information provided, which statement accurately describes the relationship between the fundamental niche and realized niche of wild turkeys?
Based on the information provided, which statement accurately describes the relationship between the fundamental niche and realized niche of wild turkeys?
Which statement regarding wild turkeys is a true reflection of a realized niche?
Which statement regarding wild turkeys is a true reflection of a realized niche?
Based on the provided information, which of the following would NOT influence the realized niche of wild turkeys?
Based on the provided information, which of the following would NOT influence the realized niche of wild turkeys?
Which of these examples represents a possible reason for the realized niche of wild turkeys being reduced compared to their fundamental niche?
Which of these examples represents a possible reason for the realized niche of wild turkeys being reduced compared to their fundamental niche?
Flashcards
Biodiversity
Biodiversity
The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Tectonic Plates
Tectonic Plates
Massive pieces of Earth's crust that move and shift.
Chlorophyll Ratio
Chlorophyll Ratio
A measure comparing chlorophyll levels in treated vs. control corals.
Ocean Acidification
Ocean Acidification
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Heat Tolerance in Corals
Heat Tolerance in Corals
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Taxonomic Grouping
Taxonomic Grouping
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Mortality Rates
Mortality Rates
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Species Dispersal
Species Dispersal
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Null Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
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Alternate Hypothesis
Alternate Hypothesis
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Weather
Weather
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Climate
Climate
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Limiting Nutrient
Limiting Nutrient
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Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse Gases
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Optimal Foraging Theory
Optimal Foraging Theory
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pH and Fish Mortality
pH and Fish Mortality
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Anadromous fish
Anadromous fish
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Osmoregulation
Osmoregulation
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Acclimation
Acclimation
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Adaptation
Adaptation
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Fundamental niche
Fundamental niche
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Realized niche
Realized niche
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Juvenile turkeys vulnerability
Juvenile turkeys vulnerability
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Evaporation as cooling
Evaporation as cooling
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Endotherm
Endotherm
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Ectotherm
Ectotherm
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r-selected traits
r-selected traits
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Trade-offs in body temperature regulation
Trade-offs in body temperature regulation
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Species traits and r/K selection
Species traits and r/K selection
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Life history traits of the fish
Life history traits of the fish
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Classification hierarchy
Classification hierarchy
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Species richness vs. evenness
Species richness vs. evenness
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Earth's axial tilt and seasons
Earth's axial tilt and seasons
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Greenhouse gas concentration
Greenhouse gas concentration
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Principle of Allocation trade-offs
Principle of Allocation trade-offs
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Study Notes
Biodiversity, Climate, and Biomes
- Penguin distribution is best explained by dispersal of ancestral species to unconnected landmasses, not plate tectonics, or independent evolution in different regions, or the rainshadow effect.
- A taxonomic class contains at least as many species as an order within that class; a phylum generally contains more species than a class or order; taxonomic groupings can contain a single species.
- Higher chlorophyll ratios in corals indicate more algal partners, which correlates to higher heat tolerance. Species with the highest heat tolerance are Porites corals and Acropora corals.
Resource Acquisition, Osmoregulation, Thermoregulation, and Scaling
- Fish mortality is influenced by ocean acidity. Higher pH levels are predicted to decrease fish mortality. Lower ocean pH levels are predicted to lead to increasing fish mortality. The neutral effect means that no significant changes are expected under high and low pH conditions.
- Weather is short-term atmospheric conditions, whereas climate is long-term atmospheric conditions. A tornado in Kansas is an example of weather. An atmospheric river/precip event in Davis is a weather event. Lower average annual precip in deserts vs. tropics is climate. Higher fire risk in California than Kansas is climate.
Greenhouse gas effects
- Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide, retain more radiation in the atmosphere (rather than reflecting it back into space).
Plant Growth
- Determine limiting plant nutrients in a garden by comparing plant growth in the presence or absence of added nutrients. Nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum, potassium, and nickel can limit plant growth, in that order.
Honeybee foraging
- Optimal foraging theory predicts honeybees should visit meadows with the highest ratio of energy content to flight time. Meadows with the best energy return per amount of flight time will be optimal for honeybee foraging.
Fish Migration and Osmoregulation
- Anadromous fish migrate between marine and freshwater environments (i.e. saltwater and freshwater). Their bodies must adapt to differing concentrations of salt.
Wild Turkeys
- Wild turkey niche is influenced by human agricultural activities and is potentially reduced by competition with peafowl. Fundamental niche changes over their lifespan, but realized niche is influenced by human activity and competition from other species.
Plant Resource Acquisition
- Plant photosynthesis may or may not increase with increased CO2 in the atmosphere. Increased CO2 does not always guarantee a higher photosynthetic rate
Human Food Preferences
- Optimal foraging theory suggests that humans' fondness for sugary foods has evolved as a preference for energy-rich foods.
Jepson Prairie Plant Growth
- Research on plant populations at Jepson Prairie could determine limiting resources for plant growth such as water, nutrients, or sunlight.
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