Biochemistry Practice Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which coenzyme is required for enzyme-catalyzed transamination between an amino acid and an alpha keto acid?

  • Pyridoxal phosphate (correct)
  • Folic acid
  • NADH
  • Coenzyme A

    • Which amino acid pairs are exclusively ketogenic?

  • Tryptophan and tyrosine
  • Leucine and tryptophan
  • Lysine and phenylalanine
  • Leucine and lysine (correct)

    • What is the name of the covalent bond that links nucleotides in a nucleic acid?

  • Peptide
  • Glycosidic
  • Hydrogen
  • Phosphodiester (correct)

    • Which of these causes sickle cell anemia?

    <p>A missense mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process greatly improves the fidelity of DNA polymerases delta (δ) and epsilon (ε), but not DNA polymerase alpha (α)?

    <p>Proofreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do all individuals contain DNA molecules that were synthesized by their ancestors in addition to the DNA synthesized by that individual?

    <p>Because replication is semi-conservative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzymatic process that makes a completely new copy of the DNA genome prior to each cell division called?

    <p>Replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotes, synthesis of 3 out of the 4 ribosomal RNAs is catalyzed by which RNA polymerase?

    <p>RNA polymerase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What molecule attaches to the CCA sequence at the 3' end of tRNA?

    <p>An amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these selectively inhibits eukaryotic RNA polymerase II?

    <p>Alpha (a)-amanitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the CRISPR-Cas 9 method for gene editing, the endonuclease is guided by the target:

    <p>RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is needed for the post-translational modification of collagen and for the synthesis of many other molecules including carnitine?

    <p>Vitamin C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these protein factors facilitate the initiation of transcription in prokaryotes?

    <p>Sigma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ubiquitin ligase in biochemical processes?

    <p>It targets proteins for degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a plasma protein involved in blood clotting?

    <p>Fibrinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of telomerase in biochemical processes?

    <p>Maintaining telomere length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biochemical process involves the synthesis of nucleotides?

    <p>DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of mutations on splicing?

    <p>Altered mRNA processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a genetic mutation affecting human health?

    <p>Sickle cell anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific function of histones in biochemical processes?

    <p>DNA packaging and regulation of gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the synthesis of new DNA strands during DNA replication?

    <p>DNA polymerases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of telomere maintenance on biological processes?

    <p>Preservation of genomic stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biochemical process involves the urea cycle?

    <p>Metabolism of nitrogenous waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of telomerase inhibitors in the context of human health?

    <p>Anti-cancer treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biochemical process involves the use of dideoxyribonucleotides?

    <p>DNA sequencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the synthesis of new DNA strands during DNA replication?

    <p>DNA polymerase III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ubiquitin ligase in biochemical processes?

    <p>Tagging proteins for degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific function of histones in biochemical processes?

    <p>Packaging DNA into structural units called nucleosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a plasma protein involved in blood clotting?

    <p>Fibrinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of telomerase inhibitors in the context of human health?

    <p>Potential anti-cancer therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzymatic process that makes a completely new copy of the DNA genome prior to each cell division called?

    <p>DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of mutations on splicing?

    <p>Altered mRNA processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biochemical process involves the synthesis of nucleotides?

    <p>DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of telomerase in biochemical processes?

    <p>Preventing telomere shortening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these selectively inhibits eukaryotic RNA polymerase II?

    <p>Alpha-amanitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is deficient in the 9-year-old girl with mild mental retardation and elevated levels of leucine, isoleucine, and valine?

    <p>Branched chain alpha keto acid dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid deficiency in the protein of the island vegetation is more likely to cause negative nitrogen balance in a man marooned on a desert island?

    <p>Methionine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coenzyme is required for enzyme-catalyzed transamination between an amino acid and an alpha keto acid?

    <p>Pyridoxal phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sulfonamides have been useful anti-bacterial agents because they inhibit the synthesis of:

    <p>Folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzymatic activity is usually deficient in phenylketonuria?

    <p>A hydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following amino acid pairs are exclusively ketogenic?

    <p>Leucine and lysine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is exclusively glucogenic and dietary non-essential?

    <p>Alanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes a reaction that yields an alpha keto acid, NADH, and ammonia?

    <p>Aminotransferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the rate-determining step of the urea cycle?

    <p>Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a coenzyme required for the enzymatic activity that is usually deficient in phenylketonuria?

    <p>Tetrahydrobiopterin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes the attachment of amino acids to the CCA sequence at the 3' end of tRNAs?

    <p>Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What molecule attaches to the CCA sequence at the 3' end of tRNA?

    <p>An amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the covalent bond that links nucleotides in a nucleic acid?

    <p>Phosphodiester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process greatly improves the fidelity of DNA polymerases delta (δ) and epsilon (ε), but not DNA polymerase alpha (α)?

    <p>Proofreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these components are required for RNA synthesis?

    <p>A template, a free 3' hydroxyl group, RNA polymerase, NTPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these directly enhances the initiation of transcription?

    <p>TATA-binding protein (TBP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these essential sugars forms a ring involving 4 carbon atoms and one oxygen atom?

    <p>Ribose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these pyrimidines is uniquely found in RNA?

    <p>Uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these selectively inhibits eukaryotic RNA polymerase II?

    <p>Alpha (α)-amanitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the CRISPR-Cas 9 method for gene editing, the endonuclease is guided by the target:

    <p>RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biochemistry Practice Quiz Summaries

    • The text consists of three practice quizzes covering topics such as protein turnover, plasma proteins, and nucleotide synthesis.
    • The quizzes cover various biochemical processes including protein modification, blood clotting, and DNA synthesis.
    • The quizzes include questions on specific enzymes and their functions, such as glutamate dehydrogenase, heme oxygenase, and thymidylate synthase.
    • Important concepts such as the role of ubiquitin ligase in protein turnover, the action of plasma proteins in blood clotting, and the enzymatic processes involved in nucleotide synthesis are tested.
    • The quizzes also cover genetic mutations and repair mechanisms, including the impact of mutations on splicing, nucleotide excision repair, and telomere maintenance.
    • The quizzes test understanding of specific biochemical pathways, such as the urea cycle, heme biosynthesis, and DNA replication.
    • Various biochemical terms and processes are mentioned, including polyubiquitination, ATP-dependent reactions, and the role of different enzymes in specific pathways.
    • The text includes questions on the roles of specific proteins and enzymes in biochemical processes, such as thrombin, fibrinogen, and DNA polymerases.
    • The quizzes cover the specific functions and mechanisms of various biochemical components, such as telomerase, histones, and nucleoside excision repair.
    • The questions also address the impact of biochemical processes on human health, including diseases like Kwashiorkor, sickle cell anemia, and cancer.
    • The quizzes cover key biochemical concepts and their applications, including the role of telomerase inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs and the use of dideoxyribonucleotides in DNA sequencing.
    • The text provides a comprehensive review of biochemical knowledge and its relevance to various biological processes, genetic mutations, and disease states.

    Biochemistry Practice Quiz Summaries

    • The text consists of three practice quizzes covering topics such as protein turnover, plasma proteins, and nucleotide synthesis.
    • The quizzes cover various biochemical processes including protein modification, blood clotting, and DNA synthesis.
    • The quizzes include questions on specific enzymes and their functions, such as glutamate dehydrogenase, heme oxygenase, and thymidylate synthase.
    • Important concepts such as the role of ubiquitin ligase in protein turnover, the action of plasma proteins in blood clotting, and the enzymatic processes involved in nucleotide synthesis are tested.
    • The quizzes also cover genetic mutations and repair mechanisms, including the impact of mutations on splicing, nucleotide excision repair, and telomere maintenance.
    • The quizzes test understanding of specific biochemical pathways, such as the urea cycle, heme biosynthesis, and DNA replication.
    • Various biochemical terms and processes are mentioned, including polyubiquitination, ATP-dependent reactions, and the role of different enzymes in specific pathways.
    • The text includes questions on the roles of specific proteins and enzymes in biochemical processes, such as thrombin, fibrinogen, and DNA polymerases.
    • The quizzes cover the specific functions and mechanisms of various biochemical components, such as telomerase, histones, and nucleoside excision repair.
    • The questions also address the impact of biochemical processes on human health, including diseases like Kwashiorkor, sickle cell anemia, and cancer.
    • The quizzes cover key biochemical concepts and their applications, including the role of telomerase inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs and the use of dideoxyribonucleotides in DNA sequencing.
    • The text provides a comprehensive review of biochemical knowledge and its relevance to various biological processes, genetic mutations, and disease states.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of biochemistry with these practice quizzes covering protein turnover, plasma proteins, nucleotide synthesis, and more. Explore concepts such as enzyme functions, genetic mutations, biochemical pathways, and their impact on human health. Brush up on terms like ubiquitin ligase, ATP-dependent reactions, and the roles of specific proteins and enzymes in biochemical processes.

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