Biochemistry of Red Blood Cells

What is the primary source of energy for red blood cells?

Adenine
Oxygen
2,3-DPG
Glucose (correct)

Why is it necessary to use fresh blood for newborn exchange transfusions?

To ensure adequate oxygen supply
To maintain high 2,3-DPG levels (correct)
To prevent coagulation
To prevent hemolysis

What is the primary function of citrate in additive solutions?

To provide energy for RBCs
To prevent coagulation (correct)
To regulate pH levels
To stabilize the cell membrane

What is the purpose of mannitol in additive solutions?

To stabilize the cell membrane (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common storage lesion in red blood cells?

Decrease in 2,3-DPG levels (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adenine in additive solutions?

To act as a substrate for RBC ATP synthesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of adding additive solutions and anticoagulants during blood component preparation?

To prevent physical changes and bacterial contamination during storage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of maximizing blood component usage in hemotherapy?

To make transfusion therapy safer and more effective (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of inadequate blood component preparation and storage?

Increased risk of transfusion-associated infections (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of preventing physical changes during blood component storage?

To maintain blood component viability and function (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of additive solutions in red blood cell storage?

To maintain red blood cell viability and function during storage (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of hemotherapy in patient treatment?

To provide necessary blood components for patient recovery (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of adding additive solutions to packed red blood cells?

To maintain the red cell metabolism during storage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the retained plasma in packed red cells without additive solutions?

To act as a diluent and additional glucose source (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of adding additive solutions to packed red blood cells on plasma extraction?

More plasma will be extracted (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum percentage of original RBCs that must be supported in the recipient's circulation for at least 24 hours after transfusion?

75% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of blood component preparation?

To preserve autologous units and red cells with rare phenotypes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of glucose metabolism that contributes to the decrease in pH during storage?

Lactic acid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of storage hemolysis on the quality of the stored blood component?

It minimizes the quality of the stored blood component (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that affects blood component preparation?

Both temperature and time constraint (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 2,3-DPG in RBCs during storage?

Oxygen release (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of hemolysis during storage?

Release of hemoglobin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of anticoagulant preservative solutions in blood storage?

To prevent clotting and preserve RBCs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of gradual breakdown of RBCs during storage?

Increased sodium levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of anticoagulants in blood collection and storage?

To maintain blood in a fluid state (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the allowable storage time of blood components when exposed to air?

It is reduced due to the risk of bacterial contamination (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using additive solutions in blood storage?

To allow for longer storage times depending on the solution (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of not maintaining sterility in blood storage?

Bacterial contamination and discard (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between blood banks in the Philippines and other countries?

Method of recording and tracking blood components (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of transferring blood components from one bag to another?

The system is considered open, and storage time is reduced (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of centrifugation in blood component separation?

To separate blood components from each other (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of filtration in blood component manufacturing?

To remove contaminants from blood components (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of blood bag manufacturing quality control?

To maintain the quality of blood components (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of documentation in blood manufacturing?

To capture critical steps in the blood manufacturing process (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of anticoagulants and additives in blood components?

To prevent clotting and contamination of blood components (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of centrifugation in blood component storage?

To facilitate component separation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of storage freezers and refrigerators in blood component manufacturing?

To maintain the quality and safety of blood components (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of plated agitator machines in blood component manufacturing?

To prevent contamination of blood components (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of CGMP in blood component manufacturing?

To ensure the safety and quality of blood components (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of personnel documentation in blood component manufacturing?

To capture critical steps in the blood manufacturing process (B) Signup and view all the answers