Biochemistry of Enzymes: Factors Affecting Activity and Clinical Significance

Temperature, pH, and substrate or enzyme concentration

Substrate + ase or Substrate + function + ase

Favism, Albinism, and Porphyrias

<p>Deficiency of tyrosinase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uroporphyrinogen I</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methotrexate inhibits the production of tetrahydrofolate, limiting the amount of N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate available for DNA synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sulphanilamide, structurally similar to p-aminobenzoic acid, inhibits the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folic acid consists of a pteridine base attached to p-aminobenzoic acid and glutamic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethanol is used in the treatment of Methanol poisoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heavy metals such as Ag+, Hg+2, Pb+2 have strong affinities for -SH groups and act as irreversible inhibitors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature, pH, Substrate Concentration, Enzyme Concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deficiency of tyrosinase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Favism, Albinism, Vampires</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uroporphyrinogen I</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systematic name: Substrate + ase, Substrate + function + ase, Trivial name</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature, pH, Substrate or Enzyme concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibiting the production of tetrahydrofolate, which limits the amount of N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate available for dTMP synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sulphanilamide is structurally similar to p-aminobenzoic acid and inhibits the enzyme (dihydropteroate synthetase).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folic acid = pteridine base attached to p-aminobenzoic acid and glutamic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethanol competes with methanol for alcohol dehydrogenase, reducing the formation of toxic metabolites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deficiency of enzymes involved in the synthesis of heme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes are named systematically based on the reactions they catalyze and the substrates they act on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5-fluorouracil inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, preventing the conversion of dihydrofolate back to tetrahydrofolate, thus preventing thymidine synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heavy metals such as Ag+, Hg+2, Pb+2 which have strong affinities for -SH groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anemia and sensitivity to sunlight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These drugs act by inhibiting specific enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers