Biochemistry Fundamentals Quiz

Key Concepts in Biochemistry

• Macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids are built from smaller subunits.
• Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons, and each atom has a fixed number of covalent bonds it can form.
• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and have a central carbon atom attached to an amino group, carboxyl group, hydrogen atom, and variable group.
• The acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), and the tendency of an acid to lose a proton is defined by the acid dissociation constant (Ka).
• Buffers are solutions of weak acids and their conjugate bases that resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
• The strength of an acid is determined by its dissociation constant (Ka) and its tendency to dissociate is inversely related to its pKa value.
• Hydrophobic interactions occur between nonpolar groups, while hydrogen bonds form between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
• Ionic bonds result from a complete transfer of an electron, forming two ions with opposite charges.
• Water is a polar molecule that is highly cohesive and functions as a solvent in cells.
• Biological molecules have optimal ionic states, and the pH of a solution affects their charge and function.
• Peptide bonds join amino acids in proteins, and disulfide bonds form between cysteine residues.
• Titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by using a solution of known concentration. pH meters can accurately measure the pH of a solution.

Key Concepts in Biochemistry

• Macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids are built from smaller subunits.
• Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons, and each atom has a fixed number of covalent bonds it can form.
• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and have a central carbon atom attached to an amino group, carboxyl group, hydrogen atom, and variable group.
• The acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), and the tendency of an acid to lose a proton is defined by the acid dissociation constant (Ka).
• Buffers are solutions of weak acids and their conjugate bases that resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
• The strength of an acid is determined by its dissociation constant (Ka) and its tendency to dissociate is inversely related to its pKa value.
• Hydrophobic interactions occur between nonpolar groups, while hydrogen bonds form between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
• Ionic bonds result from a complete transfer of an electron, forming two ions with opposite charges.
• Water is a polar molecule that is highly cohesive and functions as a solvent in cells.
• Biological molecules have optimal ionic states, and the pH of a solution affects their charge and function.
• Peptide bonds join amino acids in proteins, and disulfide bonds form between cysteine residues.
• Titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by using a solution of known concentration. pH meters can accurately measure the pH of a solution.

Key Concepts in Biochemistry

• Macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids are built from smaller subunits.
• Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons, and each atom has a fixed number of covalent bonds it can form.
• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and have a central carbon atom attached to an amino group, carboxyl group, hydrogen atom, and variable group.
• The acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), and the tendency of an acid to lose a proton is defined by the acid dissociation constant (Ka).
• Buffers are solutions of weak acids and their conjugate bases that resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
• The strength of an acid is determined by its dissociation constant (Ka) and its tendency to dissociate is inversely related to its pKa value.
• Hydrophobic interactions occur between nonpolar groups, while hydrogen bonds form between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
• Ionic bonds result from a complete transfer of an electron, forming two ions with opposite charges.
• Water is a polar molecule that is highly cohesive and functions as a solvent in cells.
• Biological molecules have optimal ionic states, and the pH of a solution affects their charge and function.
• Peptide bonds join amino acids in proteins, and disulfide bonds form between cysteine residues.
• Titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by using a solution of known concentration. pH meters can accurately measure the pH of a solution.