Biochemistry: ATP and Metabolic Reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is produced when NAD+ undergoes reduction in the metabolic reaction involving ethanol?

  • NADH and H+ (correct)
  • NADH and acetaldehyde
  • FADH and H2O
  • NADH and CO2

    • What type of metabolic reactions requires the coenzyme NAD+?

  • Reactions producing nitrogenous bases
  • Reactions producing carbon-oxygen double bonds (correct)
  • Reactions producing carbon-hydrogen bonds
  • Reactions producing amino acids

    • Which coenzyme is formed when FAD undergoes reduction?

  • FAD
  • FADH
  • FADH2 (correct)
  • FADH3

    • In the oxidation of ethanol to ethanal, which enzyme is responsible for the reaction?

    <p>Alcohol dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What acts as the electron acceptor in the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones?

    <p>NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATP molecules can be hydrolyzed in one second during anabolic processes?

    <p>1 to 2 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum amount of ATP hydrolyzed in one day relative to body mass?

    <p>As much as our body mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process provides energy to regenerate ATP in cells?

    <p>Catabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much energy in kcal/mole is used to make ATP from ADP and Pi?

    <p>7.3 kcal/mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is used in the hydrolysis of ATP?

    <p>Catabolic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy change in kcal/mole when ATP is formed from ADP and Pi?

    <p>7.3 kcal/mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does ATP play in cellular metabolism?

    <p>It links energy-releasing and energy-requiring reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during anabolic processes in the context of ATP?

    <p>ATP is synthesized using energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to FAD during the conversion of succinate to fumarate?

    <p>FAD is reduced to FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of coenzyme is involved in the oxidation of succinate?

    <p>FAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of coenzyme A (CoA) in metabolic reactions?

    <p>To prepare acyl groups for enzyme reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the formation of acetyl CoA, what is the fate of the thiol group in Coenzyme A?

    <p>It bonds to the acetyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when succinate is converted to fumarate in the citric acid cycle?

    <p>FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components makes up coenzyme A?

    <p>Pantothenic acid, ADP, and aminoethanethiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which reaction is coenzyme A not involved?

    <p>Conversion of succinate to fumarate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the addition of an acetyl group to coenzyme A?

    <p>CoA forms a thioester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of NAD+ in the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?

    <p>NAD+ is reduced to NADH during the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when a phosphate group is transferred from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the isomerization step of glycolysis involving 3-phosphoglycerate?

    <p>The phosphate group is moved from carbon 3 to carbon 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many molecules of ATP are produced during the transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase?

    <p>2 Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is formed through dehydration during glycolysis?

    <p>Phosphoenolpyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the oxidation and phosphorylation reaction involving glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?

    <p>It forms 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, a high-energy compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction takes place when 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate is converted into 3-phosphoglycerate?

    <p>Isomerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions?

    <p>It is oxidized and further processed in mitochondria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does NAD+ play during the oxidation of pyruvate?

    <p>It is reduced to form NADH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when pyruvate is oxidized?

    <p>Acetyl CoA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced as a byproduct when pyruvate is oxidized?

    <p>NADH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of acetyl CoA in metabolic pathways?

    <p>It is an important intermediate in metabolic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is involved in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

    <p>CoA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the process that converts glucose to pyruvate?

    <p>To generate energy in the form of ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What byproduct is released during the oxidation of pyruvate?

    <p>Carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of electron transport in cellular respiration?

    <p>Pass electrons to oxygen and form water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many NADH molecules are produced from the complete oxidation of one glucose molecule?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of cellular respiration does oxidative phosphorylation primarily occur?

    <p>Electron transport chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the yield of GTP molecules during the citric acid cycle from one glucose molecule?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the yield of ATP molecules from one glucose molecule through glycolysis?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the mitochondria surrounds the matrix?

    <p>Inner membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do hydrogen ions play during electron transport?

    <p>They create a proton gradient across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes uses the energy from electron transport to synthesize ATP?

    <p>Oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

    • This book introduces general, organic, and biological chemistry.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the role of ATP and NAD+ in metabolic reactions. This quiz covers various biochemical processes including the oxidation of ethanol and ATP hydrolysis. Explore the significance of coenzymes and energy transformations in cellular metabolism.

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