Biochemical Molecules Quiz

Inorganic Molecules

• Inorganic molecules lack carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
• Common examples include water (H2O), salts (NaCl), and minerals.

Organic Molecules as Energy Sources

• Carbohydrates are primary organic molecules that provide energy for the body.
• Key carbohydrate examples include glucose and starch.

Cell Membrane Structure

• Phospholipids contribute significantly to the structure of cell membranes.
• Proteins and cholesterol also play critical roles in membrane integrity and functionality.

Genetic Information Storage

• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule responsible for storing genetic information in cells.
• DNA structures include sequences of nucleotides that encode genes.

Biochemical Catalysts

• Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to accelerate biochemical reactions in the body.
• They are vital for metabolic processes and maintaining homeostasis.

Inorganic Ions & Functions

• Sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) are essential inorganic ions for nerve function and muscle contraction.
• Calcium ions (Ca2+) also play a significant role in muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release.

Energy Storage in Organic Molecules

• Lipids, particularly triglycerides, are organic molecules responsible for energy storage in the body.
• Glycogen, a polysaccharide, also serves as a short-term energy storage form in animals.

Proteins in Cells

• Proteins perform multiple functions within cells including:
  • Enzymatic activity.
  • Structural support (e.g., collagen).
  • Transporting molecules (e.g., hemoglobin).
  • Immune responses (e.g., antibodies).

Summary of Molecule Types

• DNA is classified as a nucleic acid.
• Both organic and inorganic molecules play distinct but vital roles in biological systems.