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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a subdiscipline of analytical chemistry that involves the separation, detection, identification, and quantification of biological samples?
Which type of biosensor is based on the use of enzymes?
Which voltammetric technique involves applying a linearly increasing potential to the working electrode?
What is the total credit hours for the course Bioanalytical Chemistry?
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Which type of biosensor is based on the use of DNA?
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Study Notes
Biorecognition Elements in Biosensors
- Function of biorecognition elements: to recognize and bind to specific analytes, triggering a signal that is proportional to the concentration of the analyte
- Three different biorecognition elements:
- Antibodies: recognize specific antigens, high specificity and sensitivity
- Aptamers: single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules that bind to specific targets, advantages include ease of synthesis and modification
- Enzymes: catalyze specific reactions, can be used to detect substrates or products
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Definition: a plate-based assay that uses antibodies to detect and quantify antigens, often used for protein detection
- Formats:
- Direct ELISA: uses a single antibody to detect the antigen
- Indirect ELISA: uses a secondary antibody to detect the antigen, more sensitive than direct ELISA
- Sandwich ELISA: uses two antibodies to detect the antigen, most sensitive and commonly used
- Most sensitive format: Sandwich ELISA
Bacteriophage-Based Biosensors
- Function: to detect and monitor bacteria, offering an alternative to current detection methods
- Working principle: bacteriophages specifically recognize and bind to bacteria, triggering a signal that is proportional to the concentration of bacteria
- Advantages: high specificity, sensitivity, and speed, can be used for real-time monitoring
Biosensor Design for Cancer Marker Detection
- Choice of recognition element: aptamer, due to its ease of synthesis, modification, and stability
- Sensor design: aptamer-based biosensor with a simple and stable design, using the aptamer as the biorecognition element to detect the cancer marker
Portable Sensor for Drinking Water Contaminant Monitoring
- Device: electrochemical sensor, due to its portability, simplicity, and low cost
- Working principle: uses an electrode to detect the contaminant, triggering an electrochemical signal that is proportional to the concentration of the contaminant
- Advantages: easy to use, rapid detection, and on-site monitoring capabilities
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Description
Test your knowledge of Bioanalytical Chemistry with this quiz. Answer questions about biorecognition elements in biosensors and the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) formats. Practice and improve your understanding of these key concepts.
