Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of gamopetalous corolla is shaped like a funnel?
Which type of gamopetalous corolla is shaped like a funnel?
The androecium consists of the outer essential whorl of a flower, which includes the carpels.
The androecium consists of the outer essential whorl of a flower, which includes the carpels.
False
What term is used to describe sterile and undeveloped stamens?
What term is used to describe sterile and undeveloped stamens?
staminodes
If more than one carpel is present in a gynoecium, this condition is called _________.
If more than one carpel is present in a gynoecium, this condition is called _________.
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Match the following types of placentation with their definitions:
Match the following types of placentation with their definitions:
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Which part of the flower is involved in pollen receiving?
Which part of the flower is involved in pollen receiving?
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The ovary is the region that contains the ovules.
The ovary is the region that contains the ovules.
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What is the outer whorl of a flower that consists of stamens called?
What is the outer whorl of a flower that consists of stamens called?
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What type of flower has both gynoecium and androecium present?
What type of flower has both gynoecium and androecium present?
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A dioecious plant has male and female flowers on the same plant.
A dioecious plant has male and female flowers on the same plant.
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Name a plant that is considered monoecious.
Name a plant that is considered monoecious.
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In a flower with hypogynous condition, the ovary is considered to be ______.
In a flower with hypogynous condition, the ovary is considered to be ______.
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Which of the following conditions describes the ovary as inferior?
Which of the following conditions describes the ovary as inferior?
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Match the following plants with their classifications:
Match the following plants with their classifications:
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What term describes a flower with one of the four whorls missing?
What term describes a flower with one of the four whorls missing?
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In a polygamous plant, all types of flowers (unisexual, bisexual, and neuter) can be present on the same plant.
In a polygamous plant, all types of flowers (unisexual, bisexual, and neuter) can be present on the same plant.
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What is the function of the corolla in a flower?
What is the function of the corolla in a flower?
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All sepals in a polysepalous flower are fused together.
All sepals in a polysepalous flower are fused together.
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What is the term for the outermost whorl of a flower?
What is the term for the outermost whorl of a flower?
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The individual units of the flower include sepal, petal, stamen, and _____ .
The individual units of the flower include sepal, petal, stamen, and _____ .
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Match the following floral terms with their descriptions:
Match the following floral terms with their descriptions:
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What defines a gamosepalous flower?
What defines a gamosepalous flower?
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The corolla lies below the calyx in a flower.
The corolla lies below the calyx in a flower.
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What shape does a cruciform corolla have?
What shape does a cruciform corolla have?
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course: BIO114 : Biology
- Part: 2 : Botany
- Topic: Flower
- Lecturer: Dr. Asmaa Sharf El-Din
- Department: Agriculture Botany Department
- Email: [email protected]
Flower Definition and Parts
- Flower: A highly condensed and modified reproductive shoot.
- Bract: The part from which the flower arises.
- Pedicel: The short or long flower stalk.
- Thalamus/Receptacle: The swollen, spherical, or conical upper part of the pedicel.
- Floral Leaves: Sepals, Petals, Stamens, Carpels are present on the thalamus.
Floral Leaves
- Sepal (Calyx): The outermost whorl, often green. Can be free (polysepalous) or fused (gamosepalous). Function in protecting the flower bud. Examples: mustard, radish
- Petal (Corolla): The second whorl, often brightly colored to attract pollinators. Can be free (polypetalous) or fused (gamopetalous). Examples: cruiciform (cross-shaped), caryophyllaceous (petals with short claws and limbs at right angles), rosaceous (many petals with absent claws).
- Stamen (Androecium): The male reproductive part, consisting of an anther (produces pollen) and filament (stalk). Can be positioned in different ways. Sterile stamens are staminodes. Specialized arrangements include didynamous (2 long, 2 short) and tetradynamous (4 long, 2 short).
- Carpel (Gynoecium): The female reproductive part, consisting of stigma (receives pollen), style (connects stigma and ovary), and ovary (contains ovules). Can be single (monocarpellary) or multiple (polycarpellary), free (apocarpous) or fused (syncarpous).
Flower Forms
- Hypogynous: Petals, sepals, and stamens are below the ovary (ovary is superior).
- Perigynous: Floral parts are attached to a cup-shaped thalamus, with the ovary inferior or half-inferior.
- Epigynous: Petals, sepals, and stamens are above the ovary (ovary is inferior).
Inflorescence
- Definition: An inflorescence is a collection or aggregation of flowers on an individual plant.
- Function: To enhance reproduction, make flowers visually more attractive to pollinators.
- Types: Various types such as panicle, raceme, umbel, corymb, spike, head.
Seed Germination
- Hypogeal: Seed/cotyledons remain inside the soil; epicotyl elongates more than hypocotyl.
- Epigeal: Seed/cotyledons emerge above ground; hypocotyl elongates more than epicotyl.
Additional Terms
- Complete Flower: Has all four whorls (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels).
- Incomplete Flower: Missing any one of these four whorls.
- Bisexual/Perfect Flower: Contains both male and female parts.
- Unisexual/Imperfect Flower: Contains only male or female parts (staminate or pistillate).
- Monoecious Plant: Male and female flowers on the same plant.
- Dioecious Plant: Male and female flowers on separate plants.
- Polygamous Plant: Unisexual, bisexual, and neuter flowers on the same plant.
- Monocarpic Plant: Flowers and fruits only once in its life.
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Description
This quiz covers the definition and parts of a flower as outlined in the BIO114 botany course. Test your knowledge on floral leaves, including sepals and petals, as well as other components like bracts and the receptacle. Perfect for students seeking to deepen their understanding of plant reproduction.
