Bio Lab: Photosynthesis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are photons absorbed by?

Pigments in chloroplast of plants

In photosynthesis, light energy is transformed into what?

Chemical energy

The chemical energy is used to synthesize organic compounds (glucose) from carbon dioxide.

True

You can determine photosynthetic activity by testing for the production of starch using I2KI.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

I2KI stains green when in the presence of starch.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A change from the yellow amber color of iodine solution to a purple solution is a positive test for the presence of starch.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for photosynthesis in plants?

<p>Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for respiration in plants, animals, and other organisms?

<p>C6H12O6 + 6O2 = Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

Visible light cannot be reflected, transmitted, or absorbed.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are used to synthesize glucose and release water.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The energy in organic molecules is released to form ATP during cellular respiration in plants, animals, and other organisms.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plastic filters used in the wavelengths of light for the photosynthesis exercise were designed to reflect and transmit the appropriate wavelengths of light to correspond to the visible light spectrum.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

After staining the leaf, what happened under the black filter?

<p>There was no photosynthesis; all of the colors were absorbed in the filter and none went to the plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

After staining the leaf, what happened under the red filter?

<p>The red light was able to get in and reflected; the green and blue colors were absorbed in the red filter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

There was no photosynthetic activity going on under the red filter.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

After staining the leaf, what happened under the blue filter?

<p>The blue light was able to get to the leaf and reflected, but the red and green got absorbed into the blue filter. There was a little photosynthetic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

After staining the leaf, what happened under the green filter?

<p>There was no photosynthetic activity going on because the green light was reflected and did not contribute to photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment allowed the greatest photosynthetic activity in the wavelength experiment?

<p>The red and blue filters allowed the greatest photosynthetic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the red filter is placed on a leaf, what wavelengths of light pass through and reach the leaf cells below?

<p>Red light is reflected and transmitted through, while blue and green get absorbed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Was starch present under the black construction paper?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pigment?

<p>A substance that absorbs light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a pigment absorbed all wavelengths of visible light, it appears white.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

On the paper chromatography, what was the order of beta carotene, chlorophyll a and b, and xanthophyll?

<p>Chlorophyll b was at the bottom because it was the most polar, next was chlorophyll a then xanthophyll, and lastly was beta carotene because it was the most nonpolar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Green colors in plants are produced by?

<p>The presence of chlorophyll a and b in the chloroplast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Yellow, orange, and bright red colors are produced by?

<p>Carotenoids, also in the chloroplast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does anthocyanins usually produce?

<p>Blues, violets, purples, pinks, and dark reds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was a blender used in the paper chromatography exercise?

<p>To rupture the cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading edge of the solvent called in chromatography?

<p>Front</p> Signup and view all the answers

Polar molecules or substances dissolve (or are attracted to) polar molecules.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nonpolar molecules are repelled by nonpolar molecules to varying degrees.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chromatography paper (cellulose) is a polar (charged) substance.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solvent, made of petroleum ether and acetone, is relatively polar.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most nonpolar substance will dissolve in the nonpolar solvent first or last?

<p>First</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most polar substance will be attracted to the polar chromatography paper and will move?

<p>Last</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you determine polarity?

<p>Count the number of polar oxygens present in each molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many oxygens are in chlorophyll b?

<p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many oxygens are in chlorophyll a?

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many oxygens are in beta carotene?

<p>none</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many oxygens are in xanthophyll?

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the absorption spectrum?

<p>The absorption pattern for a particular pigment, showing relative absorbance at different wavelengths of light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be used to determine the absorption spectrum?

<p>A spectrophotometer or colorimeter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a spectrophotometer?

<p>It measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a spectrophotometer work?

<p>It passes a beam of light of a particular wavelength through the pigment solution being tested and then measures the proportion of light transmitted or absorbed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlorophyll b and carotenoids are called?

<p>Accessory pigments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A green pigment absorbs green wavelengths of visible light.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A spectrophotometer will be used to separate plant pigments based on differences in polarity.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Photosynthetic activity will be assessed by testing for the production of?

<p>Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pigments that absorb photons of light are located in which part of the plant cell?

<p>The chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlorophyll A is a green pigment that absorbs green light.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The white pigments of the coleus leaf were not photosynthetic.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the chromatography experiment, the least polar pigment migrated the furthest up the chromatography paper.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which filter would you expect to produce the lowest photosynthetic rate in the underlying leaf?

<p>The green filter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which filter would you expect to produce the highest photosynthetic rate in the underlying leaf?

<p>The red and blue filter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not an input required for photosynthesis?

<p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the inputs for photosynthesis?

<p>Energy, carbon dioxide, and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the inputs for respiration?

<p>Oxygen and sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is chromatography?

<p>A collective term for a set of laboratory techniques that separates mixtures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromatography mobile phase?

<p>Relatively nonpolar solvent comprised of petroleum ether and acetone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromatography stationary phase?

<p>Chromatography paper made of cellulose which is relatively polar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlorophyll A is a main pigment.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carotenoids include?

<p>Xanthophylls, carotenes, and retinoids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis Overview

  • Photosynthesis involves the absorption of photons by pigments located in the chloroplasts of plants.
  • Light energy is converted into chemical energy, specifically to synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide.
  • The general equation for photosynthesis is: Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Starch Production and Testing

  • Photosynthetic activity can be determined by testing for starch using iodine solution (I2KI).
  • A purple solution from iodine indicates the presence of starch, while no color change signifies its absence.

Light Filters and Photosynthetic Activity

  • Different filters affect photosynthetic activity; red and blue filters promote the highest rates, while green filters minimize activity.
  • Under a black filter, all light wavelengths are absorbed, preventing photosynthesis; under a red filter, some activity occurs due to red light transmission.
  • Blue light can also stimulate some photosynthesis, but green light does not promote the process as it is not absorbed effectively.

Pigments in Plants

  • Pigments include chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, and anthocyanins, each providing unique coloration and functions.
  • Chlorophyll a is the main pigment, while chlorophyll b and carotenoids assist in capturing light energy.
  • Carotenoids produce yellow, orange, and red colors, whereas anthocyanins give blues, purples, and reds.

Chromatography Techniques

  • Chromatography is utilized to separate plant pigments based on polarity; cellulose paper (polar) and a nonpolar solvent (petroleum ether and acetone) are used.
  • The order of pigments separated by chromatography is chlorophyll b (most polar), chlorophyll a, xanthophyll, and beta-carotene (most nonpolar).

Measuring Absorption and Polarity

  • A spectrophotometer measures light absorption and transmission by pigments, determining their absorption spectrum.
  • The polarity of substances can be assessed by counting the number of polar oxygen atoms; the more polar a pigment, the less it travels on chromatography paper.

Inputs and Outputs

  • Inputs for photosynthesis include energy (light), carbon dioxide, and water; outputs are glucose and oxygen.
  • In cellular respiration, the process reverses: glucose and oxygen are converted into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

General Facts

  • Chlorophyll a specifically does not absorb green light, instead reflecting it, which is why plants appear green.
  • Nonpolar solvents are most effective at dissolving nonpolar substances, with the least polar moving the furthest in chromatography.

Key Definitions

  • Accessory pigments: chlorophyll b and carotenoids that aid in photosynthesis.
  • Absorption spectrum: the pattern of light absorption for specific pigments at varying wavelengths.
  • Chromatography: a laboratory technique to separate mixtures based on varying solubilities and polarities.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the process of photosynthesis with this engaging quiz. Learn about the role of photons, chloroplasts, and the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Perfect for biology students and enthusiasts alike!

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