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Questions and Answers
What are the male reproductive parts of a flower called?
What are the male reproductive parts of a flower called?
Which part of the pistil is responsible for receiving pollen?
Which part of the pistil is responsible for receiving pollen?
In which type of flowers are both male and female reproductive parts present?
In which type of flowers are both male and female reproductive parts present?
What is the primary function of the ovary in a flower?
What is the primary function of the ovary in a flower?
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Which of the following helps in the process of pollination?
Which of the following helps in the process of pollination?
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What does the term 'gynoecium' refer to in a flower?
What does the term 'gynoecium' refer to in a flower?
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What is the role of pollen grains in the reproductive process of flowering plants?
What is the role of pollen grains in the reproductive process of flowering plants?
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Which component of the flower serves as the base structure for the stamen?
Which component of the flower serves as the base structure for the stamen?
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What process involves the body of an organism breaking into pieces that each grow into individual offspring?
What process involves the body of an organism breaking into pieces that each grow into individual offspring?
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Which of the following is a form of asexual reproduction where the egg develops without fertilization?
Which of the following is a form of asexual reproduction where the egg develops without fertilization?
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In vegetative propagation, which part of the plant can produce new individuals?
In vegetative propagation, which part of the plant can produce new individuals?
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What type of vegetative propagation involves a piece of branch being cut and embedded in the soil?
What type of vegetative propagation involves a piece of branch being cut and embedded in the soil?
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Which of the following is NOT a natural method of vegetative propagation?
Which of the following is NOT a natural method of vegetative propagation?
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Which specialized structure is involved in vegetative propagation through tubers?
Which specialized structure is involved in vegetative propagation through tubers?
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What is the main benefit of artificial propagation methods?
What is the main benefit of artificial propagation methods?
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In which form of asexual reproduction are haploid males produced by ants and bees?
In which form of asexual reproduction are haploid males produced by ants and bees?
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What is the process called when a sperm and ovum fuse to form a new individual?
What is the process called when a sperm and ovum fuse to form a new individual?
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Which reproductive method is characterized by offspring being directly born instead of hatching from eggs?
Which reproductive method is characterized by offspring being directly born instead of hatching from eggs?
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What type of fertilization occurs outside the female's body?
What type of fertilization occurs outside the female's body?
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What is produced by the ovaries in female reproductive organs?
What is produced by the ovaries in female reproductive organs?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of internal fertilization?
Which of the following is NOT a type of internal fertilization?
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Which reproductive process is predominantly observed in lower organisms and unicellular microbes?
Which reproductive process is predominantly observed in lower organisms and unicellular microbes?
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What is the initial step in the process of reproduction?
What is the initial step in the process of reproduction?
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What is formed after the nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse?
What is formed after the nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse?
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What is a defining characteristic of reproduction in organisms?
What is a defining characteristic of reproduction in organisms?
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Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction?
Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction?
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How does budding occur in organisms like yeast?
How does budding occur in organisms like yeast?
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What method of asexual reproduction is common in sponges and hydra?
What method of asexual reproduction is common in sponges and hydra?
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In the process of spore formation, which organisms typically produce spores?
In the process of spore formation, which organisms typically produce spores?
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What is the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
What is the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
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What occurs during binary fission in an amoeba?
What occurs during binary fission in an amoeba?
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Which statement about gametes is true regarding sexual reproduction?
Which statement about gametes is true regarding sexual reproduction?
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What is self-pollination?
What is self-pollination?
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Which of the following best describes cross-pollination?
Which of the following best describes cross-pollination?
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What role do pollinators play in fertilization?
What role do pollinators play in fertilization?
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In viviparous animals, how does development occur?
In viviparous animals, how does development occur?
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What term describes animals that lay eggs?
What term describes animals that lay eggs?
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Which type of reproduction involves only one parent?
Which type of reproduction involves only one parent?
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Which of the following statements is true about hermaphrodites?
Which of the following statements is true about hermaphrodites?
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What is the process called when seeds are carried away from the parent plant?
What is the process called when seeds are carried away from the parent plant?
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Flashcards
Reproduction
Reproduction
The process by which organisms create offspring of the same kind.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
A single individual creates offspring without the involvement of another individual.
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Two individuals contribute genetic material to create offspring.
Binary Fission
Binary Fission
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Budding
Budding
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Spore Formation
Spore Formation
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Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Reproduction in Flowering Plants
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Reproduction in Animals
Reproduction in Animals
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Spores
Spores
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Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative Propagation
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Root Propagation
Root Propagation
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Stem Propagation
Stem Propagation
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Runners
Runners
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Suckers
Suckers
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Bulbs
Bulbs
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Tubers
Tubers
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Pollination
Pollination
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Self-pollination
Self-pollination
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Cross-pollination
Cross-pollination
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Fertilization in plants
Fertilization in plants
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Oviparous
Oviparous
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Viviparous
Viviparous
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Hermaphrodite
Hermaphrodite
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Sexual reproduction in plants
Sexual reproduction in plants
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Stamen (Androecium)
Stamen (Androecium)
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Pistil (Gynoecium)
Pistil (Gynoecium)
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Anther
Anther
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Stigma
Stigma
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Fertilization
Fertilization
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Bisexual flowers
Bisexual flowers
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Reproductive Organs (Male & Female)
Reproductive Organs (Male & Female)
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Internal Fertilization
Internal Fertilization
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External Fertilization
External Fertilization
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Asexual Reproduction in Animals
Asexual Reproduction in Animals
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Oviparity
Oviparity
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Ovoviviparity
Ovoviviparity
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Study Notes
BIO 101: General Biology I - Study Notes
- Course Instructors:
- Dr. Oladosu O.O. (Course Coordinator) - 08034049078
- Dr. Popoola J.O. - 08064640018
- Dr. Aromolaran O. - 08062225745
- Dr. Omotayo O.E. - 08023799838
Reproduction
- Definition: Reproduction is the biological process where organisms create offspring.
- Types:
- Asexual: Reproduction involving one parent, producing genetically identical offspring.
- Sexual: Reproduction involving two parents, creating offspring with genetic variation.
Asexual Reproduction
- Lower Organisms:
- Binary Fission: A cell dividing into two individuals, losing its original identity (e.g., amoeba, bacteria).
- Budding: A bud forms on the parent organism, developing into a new individual which then detaches (e.g., yeast, hydra).
- Spore Formation: Spores are produced and develop into new individuals (e.g., Chlamydomonas, fungi, moss, ferns).
- Additional Asexual Reproduction Methods:
- Fragmentation: An organism breaks into pieces, and each develops into a new organism (e.g., planaria, starfish).
- Parthenogenesis: Development of an egg without fertilization, creating a new organism (e.g., bees, wasps, ants, some vertebrates).
Asexual Reproduction in Plants (Vegetative Propagation)
- Natural Methods:
- Roots: Adventitious roots, giving rise to new plants (e.g., sweet potato, Dahlia).
- Stems: Runners, suckers, bulbs, tubers, rhizomes (e.g., grass runners, Chrysanthemum, onion, potato, ginger).
- Leaves: Adventitious buds (e.g., Bryophyllum).
- Artificial Methods:
- Cuttings: A piece of stem/root inserted in the soil to produce new roots.
- Layering: A stem part is buried in the soil, allowed to root, and then separated.
- Other methods (e.g., grafting).
Sexual Reproduction in Plants
- Flowers: The reproductive organ of flowering plants, containing both male (stamen) and female (pistil) parts.
- Pollination: Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.
- Self-pollination: Pollen from the same flower.
- Cross-pollination: Pollen from a different flower.
- Fertilization: Fusion of pollen and ovule, forming a zygote.
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
- Reproductive Organs: Male (testes, sperm ducts, penis) and female (ovaries, oviducts, uterus).
- Fertilization: Fusion of sperm and ovum.
- Internal Fertilization: Fertilization occurs inside the female body.
- External Fertilization: Fertilization occurs outside the female body.
- Types of development after Internal Fertilization:
- Oviparity: Fertilized eggs laid outside the body.
- Ovoviviparity: Fertilized eggs develop inside the mother and hatch outside.
- Viviparity: Developing embryos stay inside the mother and are nourished by her before birth.
Asexual Reproduction in Animals
- A process where a single organism divides to create more organisms. These organisms are identical to the original.
- Types: Binary fission, budding, fragmentation, regeneration, and parthenogenesis.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts related to reproduction in organisms as taught in BIO 101: General Biology I. It includes definitions, types of reproduction, and detailed insights into asexual reproduction mechanisms such as binary fission, budding, and spore formation.