Binocular Cues Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are binocular cues?

Cues that only depend on one eye

Depth cues that depend on the use of two eyes (correct)

Cues based on movement

Distance cues available to one eye

What is convergence?

The extent to which the eyes converge inward when looking at an object.

What does retinal disparity refer to?

The greater the disparity between the two images the retina perceives of an object, the closer the object is to the viewer.

Which of the following describes monocular cues?

Distance cues available to one eye Signup and view all the answers

What is interposition?

One object is partially blocked by another. Signup and view all the answers

What does relative size indicate?

Objects are the same size but one looks smaller because it is farther away. Signup and view all the answers

What does relative clarity imply?

Hazy objects look farther away. Signup and view all the answers

What is texture gradient?

Objects that are far away look like they have no texture, while close objects display distinct texture. Signup and view all the answers

What does relative height refer to?

Objects that are vertical may look larger than horizontal. Signup and view all the answers

What does relative motion denote?

Objects that are stable appear to be moving. Signup and view all the answers

What is linear perspective?

Parallel lines appear to converge with greater distance. Signup and view all the answers

How does light and shadow contribute to perception?

Nearby objects reflect more light to our eyes, while dimmer ones seem farther away. Signup and view all the answers

What is selective blindness?

Lack of attention causing an individual to fail to recognize an unexpected stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What does perceptual adaptation mean?

The ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or inverted visual field. Signup and view all the answers

What is a perceptual set?

Mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another. Signup and view all the answers

What is the context effect?

Attributing what we see to something that we know. Signup and view all the answers

What is extrasensory perception (ESP)?

A controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input. Signup and view all the answers

What is telepathy?

Mind to mind communications. Signup and view all the answers

What does clairvoyance mean?

Perceiving remote events. Signup and view all the answers

What is precognition?

Perceiving future events. Signup and view all the answers

What is parapsychology?

The study of paranormal phenomena including ESP and psychokinesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is psychokinesis?

Levitating an object or influencing events using your mind. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Ganzfield procedure?

One person is blinded while the other is staring at a picture, eventually the other person guesses what the other was looking at. Signup and view all the answers

What is the absolute threshold?

When we sense stimuli more than 50% of the time. Signup and view all the answers

What is sensory adaptation?

When first entering a new environment, it seems very hot, but after 30 minutes, you no longer notice the heat. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference threshold?

The ability to detect the differences in various flavors of chocolate highlights its importance. Signup and view all the answers

Where does transduction take place in the ear?

In the cilia. Signup and view all the answers

Brightness is to intensity as hue is to __________.

wavelength. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cocktail party effect?

Because I was talking on the phone, I was unable to hear what my children were saying. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the perception of size when watching someone walk away?

He appears smaller in my vision field, but I know that he is the same size. Signup and view all the answers

What is perceptual adaptation in the context of reading upside down?

After practice, Steve was able to read books upside down. Signup and view all the answers

What type of ESP allows someone to read minds?

Telepathy. Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to mental predispositions influencing perception?

Perceptual set. Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective of psychology emphasizes that the whole exceeds the sum of its parts?

Gestalt Signup and view all the answers

What are the receptor cells that convert light energy into neural signals?

Rods and cones. Signup and view all the answers

What is parallel processing?

Being able to perceive multiple characteristics like movement, size, color, shape. Signup and view all the answers

On a cloudy day, a yellow flower is likely to appear ______ as it does on a bright day.

the same. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate at which impulses travel up the auditory nerve matching?

The frequency of the tone. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Binocular Cues

Binocular cues are depth perception signals that require both eyes, including retinal disparity and convergence.
Convergence refers to how much the eyes turn inward to focus on an object, indicating its proximity.

Retinal Disparity

Retinal disparity is the difference in images received by each eye; greater disparity indicates closer objects.

Monocular Cues

Monocular cues are depth cues available to one eye, including linear perspective, overlap, and relative size.

Interposition

Interposition occurs when one object partially blocks another, signaling that the blocked object is farther away.

Relative Size

Relative size indicates that objects of the same size appear smaller when they are further away.

Relative Clarity

Hazy objects appear more distant due to reduced clarity, reflecting atmospheric effects on perception.

Texture Gradient

Objects further away lose texture detail, transitioning from distinct to indistinct texture, signaling increased distance.

Relative Height

Objects positioned higher in the visual field typically appear larger compared to those at lower positions.

Relative Motion

As we move, stable objects appear to move in the opposite direction, providing cues about distance.

Linear Perspective

Parallel lines appear to converge as they recede into the distance, influencing depth perception.

Light and Shadow

Nearby objects reflect more light, appearing brighter, while dimmer objects suggest greater distance.

Selective Blindness

Selective blindness is the failure to notice an unexpected stimulus due to a lack of attention.

Perceptual Adaptation

Perceptual adaptation is the ability to adjust to an altered visual field, such as blurred or inverted images.

Perceptual Set

A perceptual set is a mental predisposition that influences how we interpret sensory information.

Context Effect

Context effects involve interpreting stimuli based on prior knowledge or context, affecting perception.

Extrasensory Perception (ESP)

ESP refers to claims of perception occurring without sensory input, including phenomena like telepathy and clairvoyance.

Telepathy

Telepathy is the ability to communicate thoughts between minds without verbal or physical interaction.

Clairvoyance

Clairvoyance involves perceiving events or information from a distance without direct sensory input.

Precognition

Precognition is the claimed ability to foresee future events, often linked to paranormal phenomena.

Parapsychology

Parapsychology studies paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis, exploring human capabilities beyond normal senses.

Psychokinesis

Psychokinesis refers to the ability to influence physical objects or events through mental power alone.

Ganzfield Procedure

In the Ganzfield procedure, one person is blinded while another attempts to guess what the first is seeing, testing ESP claims.

Absolute Threshold

Absolute threshold is the minimum stimulus intensity that can be detected more than 50% of the time.

Sensory Adaptation

Sensory adaptation explains why we may stop noticing stimuli, like heat, after prolonged exposure.

Difference Threshold

The difference threshold is the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli, impacted by intensity and perception.

Cilia

Cilia in the ear are crucial for transduction, converting sound vibrations into neural signals for processing.

Brightness and Hue

Brightness correlates to intensity, while hue relates to the wavelength of light, defining color perception.

Cocktail Party Effect

The cocktail party effect describes the ability to focus on a specific conversation while filtering out background noise.

Relative Size (Reiteration)

Objects appear smaller when further away, even if their size remains constant, highlighting perceptual bias.

Perceptual Adaptation (Reiteration)

Adaptation to visual changes, like reading upside down, showcases the brain's flexibility in perception.

Telepathy (Reiteration)

Telepathy is recognized as a form of ESP that allows thought communication without verbal expression.

Perceptual Set (Reiteration)

Perceptual sets shape our experiences, influencing what we prioritize and recognize in our surroundings.

Gestalt Psychology

Gestalt psychology emphasizes that perception is holistic, asserting that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Rods and Cones

Rods and cones are photoreceptor cells that convert light energy into neural signals, critical for vision.

Parallel Processing

Parallel processing enables simultaneous perception of multiple characteristics like movement, color, and shape.

Color Perception on Cloudy Days

A yellow flower appears consistently bright on cloudy days as it would on sunny days due to color constancy.

Auditory Impulse Matching

The auditory nerve transmits impulses that align with the frequency of sound waves, facilitating accurate hearing perception.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts of binocular cues with this flashcard quiz. Learn about critical terms like convergence and retinal disparity that enhance our depth perception when using both eyes. Test your understanding and improve your knowledge about visual perception.