Binary Fission in Bacteria
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the time required for a bacterial cell to divide?

  • Mitotic Phase
  • Generation Time (correct)
  • Doubling Time
  • Cell Cycle
  • Which phase of growth involves metabolically active cells but no increase in cell number?

  • Lag Phase (correct)
  • Stationary Phase
  • Log Phase
  • Death Phase
  • In bacterial fission, what is the structure that starts to divide?

  • Cell Wall
  • Cell Membrane
  • Nucleoid (correct)
  • Cytoplasm
  • During which phase of growth do bacterial cells stop dividing due to limited nutrients and waste accumulation?

    <p>Stationary Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for the period when bacterial cells are adapting to a new environment before actively dividing?

    <p>Lag Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does binary fission double the number of cells each generation?

    <p>Due to DNA Replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of microbial growth is characterized by a horizontal growth curve where population growth ceases?

    <p>Stationary phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process where new cells are made at the same rate as old cells die in a microbial culture?

    <p>Balanced growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism has a generation time of 9.6 minutes based on the information provided?

    <p>Beneckea natriegens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does bacterial cell death occur exponentially?

    <p>Death phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a semi-log plot of growth vs. time yield according to the text?

    <p>Straight line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does synchronous growth in microbial cultures refer to?

    <p>Growth where population doubles each generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structural backbone of living cells?

    <p>Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component makes up half of the dry weight of a typical bacterial cell?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as a carbon source for chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs?

    <p>$CO_{2}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bacteria reproduce by binary fission?

    <p>Cell elongates and DNA is replicated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common environmental factors that can affect microbial growth?

    <p>Iron, copper, molybdenum, and zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary organic growth factors required by microbes?

    <p>Vitamins, amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bacterial Cell Growth and Division

    • The term for the time required for a bacterial cell to divide is called generation time.

    Phases of Growth

    • The phase of growth involving metabolically active cells but no increase in cell number is called the stationary phase.
    • During the lag phase, bacterial cells are adapting to a new environment before actively dividing.

    Binary Fission

    • In bacterial fission, the structure that starts to divide is the cell.

    • Binary fission doubles the number of cells each generation because one cell divides into two daughter cells.

    Phases of Microbial Growth

    • The phase characterized by a horizontal growth curve where population growth ceases is called the stationary phase.
    • During the death phase, bacterial cell death occurs exponentially.

    Microbial Cultures

    • A semi-log plot of growth vs. time yields a straight line.
    • Synchronous growth in microbial cultures refers to the coordinated growth of microorganisms.

    Cellular Structure

    • The structural backbone of living cells is the cell wall.
    • Peptidoglycan (also known as murein) makes up half of the dry weight of a typical bacterial cell.

    Autotrophs

    • Carbon dioxide (CO2) serves as a carbon source for chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs.

    Reproduction

    • Bacteria reproduce by binary fission, where one cell divides into two daughter cells.

    Environmental Factors

    • Common environmental factors that can affect microbial growth include temperature, pH, oxygen, and nutrients.
    • The primary organic growth factors required by microbes are carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and energy.

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    Description

    Explore the process of binary fission in bacteria, including the DNA replication, formation of cross-wall, and generation time required for cell division. Understand how binary fission leads to the doubling of cells with each generation and how growth curves are represented logarithmically.

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