Binary Codes and Representations

A system that uses a set of binary digits (0s and 1s) to represent decimal numbers. Each binary digit has a specific weight, and the value of the number is calculated by summing the weights of the digits that are set to 1.

A specific weighted binary code used to represent decimal numbers from 0 to 9. Each decimal digit is directly converted to its 4-bit binary equivalent. For example, decimal 5 is represented as 0101 in BCD.

The most common BCD code, using the positional weights 8, 4, 2, and 1 for the four binary digits.

A method for representing decimal numbers where each decimal digit is converted to its equivalent binary representation.

Binary codes used to represent both numbers and characters (letters, symbols).

A non-weighted code that represents decimal numbers by adding 3 to the corresponding BCD code. This scheme helps in simpler hardware implementation of arithmetic operations.

A code where each decimal digit is represented by a binary code that differs from the previous one in only one bit position. This makes it suitable for use in applications where it is important to minimize errors.

A method of detecting errors during data transmission. An extra bit, called the parity bit, is added to the data string. The value of the parity bit (0 or 1) is chosen so that the total number of 1s in the data string is either even or odd, depending on the parity scheme used.

The type of parity scheme used in data transmission. In even parity, the parity bit is set to 1 if the number of 1s in the data string is odd, and to 0 if the number of 1s is even. Vice versa for odd parity.

A binary-coded decimal (BCD) number system represents each decimal digit with a four-bit binary code. It is used in systems that need to interact with humans and display decimal numbers.

To convert a BCD number to decimal, divide it into four-bit groups and convert each group to its decimal equivalent. Then, combine the decimal values to form the final decimal number.

BCD is useful for interfacing between digital devices and humans because it provides a direct mapping between binary representations and decimal digits.

To convert a decimal number to BCD, simply convert each digit to its four-bit binary equivalent.

An alphanumeric code is a system that uses binary codes to represent letters, numbers, and other symbols.

EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) is a commonly used alphanumeric code set. It is often used in IBM mainframes and legacy systems.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is another popular alphanumeric code set. It is widely used in modern computers and is used for representing text and characters.

ASCII uses a seven-bit code, allowing for 128 different characters to be represented.

Control characters are special characters used in alphanumeric codes for various functions, such as line breaks, carriage returns, and tab stops.

To write an ASCII code representation of a message, simply convert each character to its ASCII equivalent and write the corresponding binary code for each character.