Bill of Rights Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the 1st Amendment guarantee?

The right to a speedy and public trial

The right to keep and bear arms

Protection against cruel and unusual punishment

Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition (correct)

Which amendment abolished slavery in the U.S.?

14th Amendment

5th Amendment

10th Amendment

13th Amendment (correct)

What does the 4th Amendment protect against?

Double jeopardy

Unreasonable search and seizure (correct)

Cruel and unusual punishment

Excessive bail

What is required as proof in a criminal trial?

Beyond a reasonable doubt Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment provides the right to a jury trial in civil cases exceeding $20?

7th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What does Stare Decisis refer to in legal context?

The principle of precedent Signup and view all the answers

What does the Miranda notification inform a suspect of?

Their rights during an arrest Signup and view all the answers

Which case established a person's reasonable expectation of privacy in public phone booths?

Katz Case Signup and view all the answers

Which case established the automobile exception allowing law enforcement to search a vehicle without a warrant?

Carroll v. U.S. Signup and view all the answers

What legal principle is established by the exclusionary rule?

Evidence obtained through unreasonable searches cannot be used in court. Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is a Miranda warning required?

When a person is in custody and being interrogated. Signup and view all the answers

What is reasonable suspicion?

A reasonable belief that a a crime may be committed. Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of corpus delicti refer to?

The requirement for evidence to charge a person with a crime. Signup and view all the answers

What does habeas corpus allow a person to do?

Challenge the legality of their incarceration. Signup and view all the answers

What did the case of United States v. Patane clarify about Miranda rights?

They are safeguards against self-incrimination. Signup and view all the answers

What did California v. Acevedo establish regarding searches of containers in vehicles?

They can search containers if there is probable cause they hold evidence. Signup and view all the answers

What was ruled unconstitutional according to Saginaw (2019)?

Chalking tires Signup and view all the answers

In Morgan v. Fairfield County (2018), what aspect of the investigation was deemed a violation of the Fourth Amendment?

Entering the side and backyard without consent Signup and view all the answers

What was the court's decision in United States v. Shrum (2018) regarding the police's action?

It was a 'fishing expedition' Signup and view all the answers

In Croker v. Beatty (2018), what did the police do that violated Fourth Amendment rights?

Seized the phone without a warrant Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome in United States v. Herring (2009) regarding the police action?

Officers acted in good faith Signup and view all the answers

What principle was established in Nix v. Williams (1984)?

Inevitable discovery Signup and view all the answers

What did the court decide in United States v. Davis (2014) regarding phone records obtained by police?

They were unconstitutional and could not be used Signup and view all the answers

In Michigan v. Tucker (1974), what procedural error did the police commit?

They did not advise him of his right to a free lawyer Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bill of Rights

Contains the Preamble and the first ten Amendments.
1st Amendment: Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition.
2nd Amendment: Right to keep and bear arms.
3rd Amendment: Quartering of soldiers.
4th Amendment: Protection against unreasonable search and seizure.
5th Amendment: Right to Due Process; no self-incrimination; protection against double jeopardy.
6th Amendment: Right to a speedy and public trial, to be informed of charges, to confront witnesses, and to legal representation.
7th Amendment: Right to a jury trial in civil cases where the value is over $20.
8th Amendment: Protection against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishments.
9th Amendment: Rights not specifically listed in the Constitution are still protected.
10th Amendment: Powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states or the people.

Amendments

13th Amendment: Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude except as punishment for a crime.
14th Amendment: Guarantees civil rights to all citizens.

Court Cases and Principles

Stare Decisis: A principle where courts follow prior decisions in similar cases.
Venue: The location where a trial will take place.
Voir Dire: The process for selecting jurors.
Required Proof (Criminal): Beyond a reasonable doubt.
Required Proof (Civil): Preponderance of the evidence.

Important Constitutional Concepts

Living Documents: The idea that the Constitution is interpreted in light of evolving societal values.

Additional Court Cases and Concepts (Page 2)

Miranda Rights: Rights that must be read to a suspect by law enforcement before questioning, generally concerning the right to remain silent and to have an attorney present.
Chimel Case: Limits the scope of a search incident to arrest to the area within a suspect's immediate control.
Katz Test (Reasonable Expectation of Privacy): The Fourth Amendment protects individuals in situations where they have a reasonable expectation of privacy, even in public places.
Carroll Exception: Allows law enforcement to search a vehicle without a warrant if probable cause exists.
Exclusionary Rule: Prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used in court.
Probable Cause: A reasonable belief that a crime has been or is about to be committed.
Reasonable Suspicion: A lower standard than probable cause, allowing brief stops and questioning.
Corpus Delicti: Requires enough evidence to determine a crime occurred before a person can be charged.
Habeas Corpus: A legal procedure enabling someone to challenge the legality of their detention.
Terry Stop: A brief detention and questioning based on reasonable suspicion.
Ingraham vs. Wright: Concerns the use of corporal punishment in schools.
Graham vs. Connor: Addresses standard for excessive force claims.

Additional Court Cases and Concepts (Page 3 and 4)

Probable Cause/Reasonable Suspicion/Miranda Warnings: Discusses these concepts in the context of specific court cases like United States v. Patane, California v. Acevedo, Taylor v. Saginaw, United States v. Shrum, Crocker v. Beatty, United States v. Burwell, Montanez v. Carvajal, United States v. Herring, Mullenix v. Luna, Nix v. Williams, United States v. Davis, United States v. Ngumezi, Michigan v. Tucker, State v. Knapp, Wong Sun v. United States, Fahy v. Connecticut. These cases discuss the application of constitutional rights in various scenarios involving law enforcement.
Violation of the Fourth Amendment: Cases demonstrate examples where the Fourth Amendment rights were violated or upheld in different situations and circumstances.
Fourth Amendment Issues: The notes give details of different cases regarding potential violations of the Fourth Amendment.
Searches and Seizures: Cases provide specific issues related to search warrants or lack thereof.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the Bill of Rights, covering the Preamble and the first ten Amendments of the United States Constitution. This quiz explores important freedoms, rights, and legal protections guaranteed to American citizens. See how well you understand these foundational principles of democracy!