Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the Pylorus Preserving Pancreaticoduodenectomy?
Which anatomical feature is described to be behind the stomach?
What is the first step during a Cholecystectomy procedure?
What percentage of pancreatic tumors arise from the head of the pancreas?
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Which of the following statements about the pancreas's functions is accurate?
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What is the primary function of the liver in relation to glucose?
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Which structure is formed from the remains of the umbilical vein?
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What supplies venous blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver?
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What is the composition of the portal triad in each liver lobe?
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What major action occurs during a splenectomy that involves the splenic vein?
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What is the primary purpose of the Triangle of Calot in biliary surgery?
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Which structure protects the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct?
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Which of the following arteries is part of the celiac axis?
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What does the term 'cholecystectomy' refer to?
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What is the role of the common hepatic duct in the biliary system?
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What is the average storage capacity of the gallbladder?
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Which artery is primarily responsible for the blood supply to the gallbladder?
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Which surgical intervention is performed to remove the gallbladder?
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What is the primary purpose of performing an Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangeopancreatography (ERCP)?
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Which type of count is performed at the final count for laparoscopic procedures?
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What procedure involves an incision of the common bile duct to remove a stone?
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What is a common reason for performing a cholecystectomy?
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How is contrast dye administered during a cholangiogram?
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What are the two types of donors for liver transplantation?
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Which of the following methods is NOT used for hemostasis during surgery?
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Which hemostatic agent is a common choice for managing bleeding during surgical procedures?
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Which surgical technique is used for biliary reconstruction in liver transplantation?
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What is the typical preservation solution used for donor livers?
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What is the primary purpose of the Trillium Gift of Life Network?
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Which procedure is involved in the restoration of blood flow during liver transplantation?
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What is the critical aspect that must be maintained during the organ donation process?
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Study Notes
Biliary Surgery Overview
- Biliary surgeries involve procedures related to the gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and liver.
- Understanding anatomy is essential: gallbladder, liver, pancreas, spleen, and biliary ductal system play key roles in these surgeries.
Biliary Anatomy
- Triangle of Calot: Key landmark for gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy); includes Common Hepatic Duct, Cystic Duct, and Cystic Artery.
- Common Hepatic Duct: Junction of left and right biliary ducts; protected by the Sphincter of Oddi.
- Celiac Axis: Major artery with branches for the stomach, pancreas, and liver.
Gallbladder Functions
- Stores and concentrates bile (40 to 70 mL capacity) for digestion in the duodenum.
- Supplied by the cystic artery, which branches from the hepatic artery.
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
- Requires general anesthesia; procedures can be open or laparoscopic.
- Ensure proper positioning and blood loss prevention measures.
Surgical Interventions
- Gallbladder: Cholecystectomy; 90% performed laparoscopically.
- Other surgeries include splenectomy for the spleen, and hepatic resection or transplantation for the liver.
- Pancreatic Surgery: Whipple (pancreaticoduodenectomy) and pancreatic transplant.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
- Procedure used for diagnosing biliary tract issues by inserting a scope into the duodenum.
- Uses contrast dye for imaging the biliary tree and identifying blockages.
Cholecystectomy Procedure
- Steps include incising the Triangle of Calot, ligating the cystic artery, dissecting the cystic duct, and removing the gallbladder.
Pancreas Anatomy
- Located behind the stomach, measuring approximately 25 cm, with two functions: exocrine (enzyme secretion) and endocrine (hormone secretion).
- Majority of pancreatic cancers arise from the head; ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common type.
Splenectomy
- Involves the removal of the spleen which requires careful ligation of major ligaments.
Liver Anatomy and Function
- The largest organ with vital metabolic functions, including glycogen storage and regulation of blood glucose levels.
- Consists of lobules containing portal triads, and is supplied by the aorta and hepatic artery.
Liver Surgery Considerations
- Hepatic resections aim to remove tumors, emphasizing hemostasis during procedures.
- Laparoscopic and open techniques are both utilized.
Liver Transplantation
- Involves implanting a donor liver; can be from cadaveric or living related donors.
- Key diseases for transplantation include hepatic cancer and cirrhosis, primarily alcoholic.
Anastomoses in Liver Transplant
- Essential for restoring blood flow and bile duct continuity, involving connections between donor and recipient vessels.
Organ Donation
- Coordinated by Trillium Gift of Life Network, utilizing both neurological determination of death and after circulatory death protocols.
- Aseptic technique maintenance is critical during surgical procedures.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts related to biliary surgery including the anatomy of the gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and liver. It also explores the procedural considerations and transplant processes involved in these surgeries. Understanding various biliary surgeries and their purposes is crucial for healthcare professionals in this field.
