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Bile Storage and Release Mechanism

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the Sphincter of Oddi in relation to bile?

It contracts to prevent bile reflux into the gallbladder.

It reabsorbs bile acids in the ileum for recycling.

It relaxes to allow bile flow into the duodenum. (correct)

It secretes bicarbonate to neutralize bile acids.

Which process mainly occurs in the lumen of the small intestine for fat assimilation?

Formation of micelles conjugated with bile acids

Esterification to form triglycerides (correct)

Conjugation of secondary bile acids by colonic bacteria

Reabsorption of bile acids in the ileum

What happens to ~5% of conjugated bile acids in the enterohepatic circulation?

They are stored in the gallbladder.

They are broken down by pancreatic lipase.

They are reabsorbed in the jejunum.

They are lost in the feces. (correct)

Which molecule is responsible for delivering fat to tissues via lymphatics for utilization?

Chylomicron Signup and view all the answers

How do bile acids mainly assist in the assimilation of fat?

By forming micelles with fatty acids and monoglycerides. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acinus in the liver?

Bile acid synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid is used for conjugation with primary bile acids in dogs?

Taurine Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract plays a significant role in reabsorbing 95% of conjugated bile acids?

Ileum Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of primary bile acids?

7-β hydroxylation Signup and view all the answers

Where are bile acids stored before being released into the intestine for digestion?

Gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

Which species requires Taurine as an essential amino acid for bile acid conjugation?

Cats Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in gallbladder contraction?

Mediates the contraction of the gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

In which species is the sphincter of Oddi less well-defined and constantly secreting bile into the intestinal tract?

Ruminants Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in bile acid metabolism between dogs/cats and ruminants/pigs/horses?

Ruminants/pigs/horses have a closed sphincter of Oddi between meals Signup and view all the answers

Which animal species does not have a gallbladder and has a weak sphincter of Oddi?

Horses Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of bile acids in systemic circulation for liver function?

Increased bile acids in systemic circulation can signal impaired liver function Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of special considerations like fasting on bile samples for liver function tests?

Fasting can decrease bile production in horses, leading to unreliable results Signup and view all the answers