Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the photoelectric effect demonstrate?
What does the photoelectric effect demonstrate?
What type of losses occur in a transformer?
What type of losses occur in a transformer?
Which phenomenon is explained by Huygens's wave theory?
Which phenomenon is explained by Huygens's wave theory?
What is the fundamental principle of a parallel plate capacitor?
What is the fundamental principle of a parallel plate capacitor?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key characteristic of the hydrogen spectrum explained by Bohr's theory?
What is a key characteristic of the hydrogen spectrum explained by Bohr's theory?
Signup and view all the answers
What is essential in the construction of an astronomical telescope?
What is essential in the construction of an astronomical telescope?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the Biot-Savart law describe?
What does the Biot-Savart law describe?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of a moving coil galvanometer?
What is the purpose of a moving coil galvanometer?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Transformer Working Principle
- A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, converting alternating current (AC) from one voltage level to another.
- Consists of two coils (primary and secondary) wound on a magnetic core.
-
Losses in a transformer:
- Copper losses (due to resistance in the windings).
- Iron losses (hysteresis and eddy current losses).
- Stray losses (leakage flux outside the core).
Biot-Savart Law
- Describes the magnetic field generated by a steady electric current.
- Formula: ( B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi} \int \frac{dL \sin(\theta)}{r^2} )
- Derives the magnetic field at the center of a circular loop due to current flow.
Photoelectric Effect
- Phenomenon where electrons are emitted from a material when it absorbs light.
- Einstein's photoelectric equation: ( E = hf - \phi )
- ( hf ): energy of the photon, ( \phi ): work function of the material.
Refraction through Convex Spherical Surfaces
- Bends light rays due to differences in medium density.
- The refractive index determines the bending angle.
- Given by the lens maker's formula ( \frac{1}{f} = (n-1) \left( \frac{1}{R_1} - \frac{1}{R_2} \right) )
Moving Coil Galvanometer
- Measures small electric currents through a coil in a magnetic field.
- Construction includes a coil suspended in a magnetic field and a pointer.
- Converts to an ammeter by adding a low-resistance shunt; a voltmeter by including a high-resistance in series.
Parallel Plate Capacitor
- Consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulator (dielectric).
- Capacitance ( C = \frac{\varepsilon A}{d} ) where ( \varepsilon ) is permittivity, ( A ) is area, ( d ) is distance between plates.
Huygens’s Wave Theory
- States every point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets.
- Verification of laws of reflection and refraction based on wavefronts and the principle of superposition.
Bohr's Theory Postulates
- Electrons in an atom move in fixed orbits without radiating energy.
- The angular momentum of an electron is quantized.
- Explains the hydrogen spectrum by quantized energy levels.
Nuclear Fission Reaction
- A process where a nucleus splits into smaller nuclei, releasing energy.
- In a nuclear reactor, fission commonly occurs with Uranium-235 or Plutonium-239.
Photon Energy and Frequency
- Frequency associated with a photon can be calculated using ( E = hf ).
- For energy ( 3.3 \times 10^{-20} J ), frequency ( f = \frac{E}{h} ).
Radius of a Nucleus
- Detected using the formula ( R = R_0 A^{1/3} ) with mass number ( A ) and ( R_0 \approx 1.2 , fm ).
Telescopes
- Types include refracting and reflecting telescopes.
- Astronomical telescope construction involves two lenses; magnifying power ( M = \frac{f_o}{f_e} ).
Dielectric Slab in Capacitor
- A parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric slab increases capacitance.
- Capacitance with dielectric ( C' = \kappa C ).
Nuclear Reactor Components
- Major components include fuel, moderator, coolant, control rods, and containment vessel.
- Functions involve maintaining a controlled fission reaction and heat removal.
De Broglie Wavelength
- Formula: ( \lambda = \frac{h}{mv} ), where ( h ) is Planck's constant, ( m ) is mass, and ( v ) is velocity.
- For electron accelerated through a potential difference of 100V.
Magnifying Power of Telescope
- An astronomical telescope with a given magnifying power can be analyzed by the arrangement of its lenses.
Common Transistor Biasing
- p-n-p transistors typically use biasing for stability.
- Characteristics curve shows current relationships and amplification factors.
Wheatstone Bridge
- Used to measure unknown resistance; consists of four resistors in a diamond shape.
- Balanced condition occurs when the ratio of resistances remains constant across the bridge.
Prism Equation
- Describes light refraction through a prism; derived as ( n = \frac{\sin((A+D)/2)}{\sin(A/2)} ) where ( D ) is the angle of minimum deviation.
Resistance of Coils
- Equivalent resistance in series and parallel can be used to find individual resistances of coils using equations for series ( R_s ) and parallel ( R_p ).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers crucial topics from the Bihar Board Class 12 Physics syllabus, including transformers, the Biot-Savart law, and the photoelectric effect. It consists of long-answer questions that challenge your understanding of key physics concepts. Prepare to deepen your knowledge and excel in your examination.
