Big Data and NoSQL Overview
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Questions and Answers

What are nodes in graph databases similar to in the relational model?

  • Foreign keys
  • Tables
  • Functions
  • Instances of an entity (correct)

Which statement best describes the role of edges in graph databases?

  • Edges are tags that categorize data within nodes.
  • Edges define the relationships between nodes. (correct)
  • Edges are data types used to enhance queries.
  • Edges represent different document formats.

In graph databases, what do properties refer to?

  • Attributes that describe nodes and edges (correct)
  • The methods used to query data
  • The physical storage of data
  • The various types of databases

Which data type is NOT mentioned as a format for documents in graph databases?

<p>CSV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary advantages of graph databases?

<p>They are better suited for tracking interrelated data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the key in a key-value database represent?

<p>An identifier for the value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic does NOT describe big data?

<p>Low cost (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a key-value database, how are relationships among data tracked?

<p>No relationships can be tracked (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is primarily associated with big data?

<p>Unstructured or semi-structured data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary job of applications that use data in key-value databases?

<p>Understand the meaning of the data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the properties of key-value databases?

<p>They do not track relationships among keys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the 'volume' aspect of big data?

<p>Quantitative measure of data to be stored (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of content can a value in a key-value database contain?

<p>Anything such as text, images, or documents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age of Justin York?

<p>27 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which city does Justin York reside?

<p>Makati (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of database is MongoDB?

<p>Document-oriented database (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which contact method is NOT listed for Justin York?

<p>Home phone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is highlighted for MongoDB?

<p>High performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Justin York's email formatted?

<p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of MongoDB allows it to handle large amounts of data?

<p>High availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country is Justin York from?

<p>Philippines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does column-centric storage have over row-centric storage?

<p>It improves access speed for required column groups. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with NoSQL databases?

<p>Use of SQL as the primary query language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of big data, what does 'variety' refer to?

<p>The different types of data formats and structures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a key-value database structure its data?

<p>As pairs of keys and values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason to use NoSQL databases?

<p>To store unstructured or semi-structured data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of NoSQL that makes it suitable for social media applications?

<p>Ease of use and scalability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'column family' refer to in NoSQL databases?

<p>A storage unit grouping related columns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about NoSQL technologies is correct?

<p>They can handle high volumes of data in distributed systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes document-oriented databases from traditional key-value databases?

<p>They use tagged documents in key-value pairs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of MongoDB, what is a collection most similar to?

<p>A table in a relational database. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a document defined in MongoDB?

<p>It is the basic unit of data that can contain multiple fields. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the _id key in a MongoDB document?

<p>It is a unique identifier across the document's collection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of document-oriented databases?

<p>They allow for variable structures within documents. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a MongoDB database typically contain?

<p>Multiple collections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When interacting with MongoDB, what command is used to view the list of databases?

<p>show dbs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the collections in a MongoDB database?

<p>Collections can have dynamic schemas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What command is used to switch to a specific database in MongoDB?

<p>use &lt;db_name&gt; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command lists all the databases in MongoDB?

<p>show dbs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does MongoDB automatically create a database?

<p>When a document is saved to a collection for the first time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To see the currently selected database in MongoDB, which command is used?

<p>db (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following commands can be used to display the collections of a database?

<p>show collections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs after creating a document in a MongoDB collection for the first time?

<p>The collection is automatically created (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'db.student.find()' command?

<p>To query student documents in the student collection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which format does MongoDB display queried documents?

<p>JSON (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

NoSQL Database

A database that does not use the traditional table structure of relational databases.

Big Data

Extremely large datasets with high volume, velocity, and variety, demanding innovative processing.

Key-Value Store

A type of NoSQL database where data is stored as key-value pairs.

Key

A unique identifier used to access a value in a Key-Value store.

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Value

The data associated with a key in a key-value store; can be anything from text to images.

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Volume (Big Data)

The sheer quantity of data in a Big Data set.

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Velocity (Big Data)

The speed at which data is generated and needs to be processed.

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Column-oriented database

A database that stores data in columns instead of rows.

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Data Velocity

The speed at which new data enters a system and must be processed.

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Data Variety

The different formats and structures in which data can be stored in a large dataset.

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Column-oriented Database

A database technology that stores data in columns (not rows), optimizing read operations.

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NoSQL DBMS

A newer database type not based on the traditional SQL relational model.

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NoSQL Data Model

A data model used in NoSQL databases.

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Key-Value Database

The simplest NoSQL data model where data is stored as key-value pairs.

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Column Family

A storage unit in a column-oriented database, grouping related columns.

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SQL Database

A traditional relational database management system (RDBMS) that stores data in tables and uses SQL as its language.

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Graph Database

A database that uses graph theory to represent data with nodes, edges, and properties.

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Node

A representation of an entity or object in a graph database.

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Edge

A connection between two nodes in a graph database, representing a relationship.

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Property

Attributes that describe a node or edge, providing extra details.

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Document Database

Stores data as documents, each with tags, that can have different structures.

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Document-Oriented Database

A database that stores data in documents resembling JSON objects.

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JSON

A popular data interchange format used in databases & other systems.

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MongoDB

A document-oriented database system.

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Customer Document (JSON)

A JSON formatted record describing a customer.

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Data Structure

How data elements are organized.

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Database Structure

the format of how data is stored, resembling JSON objects

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Field

A single piece of information about a customer

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Key-Value Pairs

A way of storing data where each item has a unique identifier (key), and a related piece of info (value).

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Document-Oriented Database

A NoSQL database that stores data in flexible JSON documents.

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Document in MongoDB

The fundamental unit of data in MongoDB; roughly equivalent to a table row in relational databases.

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Collection (MongoDB)

A collection in MongoDB is like a table in a relational database; it groups related documents.

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Database in MongoDB

A container grouping multiple collections in MongoDB; a single instance can have numerous distinct ones.

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Field (MongoDB)

A named piece of data within a document in MongoDB, similar to a column in a relational table.

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JSON Document

Data structured using a flexible format; columns and structure may change within a set.

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_id (MongoDB)

A unique identifier for each document within a MongoDB collection.

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MongoDB

A widely used document-oriented database.

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MongoDB Database Creation

MongoDB automatically creates a database when the first data is saved into a collection, obviating manual creation.

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Show Databases Command

Used to list available databases in a MongoDB instance.

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Use Command

Specifies the database to be selected or used for subsequent operations.

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Database Selection

Choosing a specific database in MongoDB to perform actions.

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Query a Collection

Retrieving documents from a specific collection within a database.

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Show Collections Command

A command in MongoDB to see the list of collections in a database.

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Database List

Displays a list of available MongoDB databases.

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Collection Creation

Collections are automatically created by saving data in the system, hence no manual creation.

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Study Notes

Big Data and NoSQL

  • Big data refers to large volumes of data exceeding the capacity of traditional software.
  • This data is often unstructured or semi-structured, originating from various sources like social media and emails.
  • Key characteristics of big data include volume (quantity), velocity (rate of entry), and variety (formats).
  • NoSQL databases, a new generation, differ from traditional relational SQL databases in storing data (not in tables) and using non-SQL languages.
  • NoSQL, often interpreted as 'Not only SQL,' uses alternative technologies to store big data and is particularly useful for applications requiring high availability, as seen in social media services.
  • NoSQL excels in ease of use, scalability, resilience, and availability.
  • NoSQL stores unstructured or semi-structured data, frequently in key-value pairs or JSON documents.

NoSQL Data Models

  • Key-Value (KV) Databases:

    • Simplest NoSQL model.
    • Stores data as key-value pairs.
    • The key acts as an identifier for the value.
    • Values can be anything like text, images, or XML documents.
    • The database doesn't analyze the value; applications do.
    • Lack of foreign keys simplifies processing, making KV databases fast and scalable for basic functions.

  • Column-Oriented Databases:

    • Relies on traditional relational database technology but stores data column-wise (column families) instead of row-wise.
    • Optimizes read operations, as often only specific columns are needed.
    • Useful for storing large volumes of data where frequently accessed related columns are grouped.

  • Graph Databases:

    • Based on graph theory.
    • Represents data through nodes (entities) and edges (relationships).
    • Edges describe node relationships with attributes.
    • Useful for highly interconnected data, like social media networks.

  • Document-Oriented Databases:

    • Similar to key-value databases; data in tagged documents.
    • Stores data in flexible JSON format.
    • Documents can have varying column structures across documents.
    • Suitable for applications that require dynamic data schemas.

Document-Oriented Database Example - MongoDB

  • Data Structure:

    • Documents are the basic data unit, similar to rows but with a flexible schema.
    • Each document has a unique id key.
    • Documents are stored in collections, analogous to tables.

  • Operations:

    • New databases are created automatically if they do not already exist.
    • The db command displays the currently selected database.
    • The show dbs command lists databases.
    • Inserting documents, similar to creating rows in a relational database but more flexible.
    • Querying documents (e.g., using find()).
    • Removing documents or collections.

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NoSQL Database Management Systems PDF

Description

Explore the world of Big Data and NoSQL databases in this quiz. Learn about the characteristics of Big Data, the differences between traditional SQL and NoSQL databases, and the unique data models used in NoSQL, such as key-value pairs. Test your understanding and knowledge about these critical technologies shaping data management today.

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