Bhutanese Identity Formation

Zhabdrung's Unification of Bhutan

• Zhabdrung's project of unifying the stateless region of Lhomon led to the building of a national identity that continues to influence Bhutanese identity.
• The emergence of Bhutan as a nation was shaped by Zhabdrung's idea of building a state based on his own Drukpa Kagyue School of thought, promoting an identity of a Buddhist kingdom.

Cultural Identity of Bhutan

• Cultural identity in Bhutan is heavily shaped by Buddhist thoughts, principles, and philosophy.
• The country is promoted as the state of Druk, and its people as the Drukpa, while accommodating diversity of culture and traditions.
• Tibetan cultures propagated by Tibetan monks and elites have had a significant impact on Bhutanese traditions and cultures.

Monastic Culture and Traditions

• Zhabdrung introduced a unique monastic culture and traditions in Bhutan, distinct from those in Tibet.
• The monastic culture promoted by Zhabdrung later became the doctrine of Bhutanese etiquette known as Driglam Namzha, which forms the core of Bhutanese customs.

National Identity and Symbols

• The traditional dress of Bhutan, the gho for men and kira for women, is a distinct component of national identity that defines the presentation of its people.
• The architectural tradition and culture in Bhutan are unique and promote national identity.

Zhabdrung's Legacy

• Zhabdrung's determination to preserve Bhutan's distinct identity led to the creation of a uniquely independent and distinct Drukpa state.
• His efforts resulted in the shaping of Bhutanese identity, which continues to influence the nation's character even today.