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स्वतंत्रता से पूर्व भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था का क्या मुख्य लक्षण था?
स्वतंत्रता से पूर्व भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था का क्या मुख्य लक्षण था?
ब्रिटिश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी के आगमन ने भारतीय आर्थिक संरचना को कैसे प्रभावित किया?
ब्रिटिश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी के आगमन ने भारतीय आर्थिक संरचना को कैसे प्रभावित किया?
किस कारण से भारतीय वस्त्र उद्योग को नुकसान हुआ?
किस कारण से भारतीय वस्त्र उद्योग को नुकसान हुआ?
भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था में धन की कमी का क्या प्रमुख कारण था?
भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था में धन की कमी का क्या प्रमुख कारण था?
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ब्रिटिश काल में रेलवे और अन्य बुनियादी ढांचे का भारतीय व्यापार पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ा?
ब्रिटिश काल में रेलवे और अन्य बुनियादी ढांचे का भारतीय व्यापार पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ा?
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किस प्रकार की फसले ब्रिटिश मांग के कारण भारतीय कृषि पर प्रभाव डालती थीं?
किस प्रकार की फसले ब्रिटिश मांग के कारण भारतीय कृषि पर प्रभाव डालती थीं?
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भारतीय व्यापारियों को ब्रिटिश कंपनियों के खिलाफ किस तरह की सीमाओं का सामना करना पड़ा?
भारतीय व्यापारियों को ब्रिटिश कंपनियों के खिलाफ किस तरह की सीमाओं का सामना करना पड़ा?
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स्वतंत्रता से पूर्व भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था की पारंपरिक शिल्प और उद्योगों पर ब्रिटिश नीतियों का क्या प्रभाव पड़ा?
स्वतंत्रता से पूर्व भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था की पारंपरिक शिल्प और उद्योगों पर ब्रिटिश नीतियों का क्या प्रभाव पड़ा?
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Study Notes
Pre-Independence Indian Economy: Trade and Commerce
- The Indian economy prior to independence was largely agrarian, with a significant portion of the population engaged in agriculture. However, it also exhibited complex trade and commerce networks, both internal and external.
- The pre-colonial Indian economy had robust internal trade routes. These routes facilitated the exchange of goods and services across the subcontinent.
- The arrival of the British East India Company fundamentally altered the existing economic structure. Their intervention led to a shift from an agriculturally-driven, self-sufficient economy towards one geared towards the needs of the empire's industrialists.
- Colonial policies aimed at exploiting India's resources for the benefit of Britain. British policies encouraged the export of raw materials and the import of finished goods, creating an unfavorable trade balance.
- The drain of wealth from India was a significant concern. This involved exporting raw materials at low prices and importing finished goods at high prices, effectively transferring wealth from India to Britain.
- The Indian textile industry suffered significant decline due to British competition. Protectionist policies hindered Indian textile production's ability to compete in the domestic market.
- The development of railways and other infrastructure during the colonial era had a mixed impact. While it facilitated trade and commerce, the infrastructure was largely shaped to benefit British interests.
- The growth of cash crops, driven by European demand, affected the agrarian economy. Land ownership patterns shifted, creating dependence on the market and often leading to exploitation.
- There were diverse trading practices within the pre-industrial economy, involving both local trade networks and connections to long-distance markets and trade routes.
- The introduction of the British system of taxation profoundly impacted the Indian peasantry and the overall agricultural economy. Many peasants faced hardship and exploitation.
- Colonial policies negatively impacted India’s traditional crafts and industries and fostered the emergence of a subordinate position to the British economy. This also included limitations on industries producing goods for export beyond the local market.
- The existing trading structures faced changes that favored European companies and traders over Indian merchants and traders. Their policies aimed at extracting wealth and promoting British interests.
- Land revenue policies initiated during the colonial period impacted the lives of farmers. The introduction of a more formalized tax system based on land use shifted the balance of power between farmers and landlords, often disadvantageous for the majority of farmers.
- Numerous factors interacted to create significant economic disparities in pre-independence India, impacting different groups in distinct ways. Socio-economic issues were exacerbated during the British colonial rule.
- Indian merchants and traders adapted and interacted with the new trade opportunities and structures, albeit within the colonial systems.
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Description
यह क्विज़ भारत की पूर्व स्वतंत्रता अर्थव्यवस्था के व्यापार और वाणिज्य पर केंद्रित है। इस समय में अर्थव्यवस्था कृषि प्रधान थी, लेकिन यहाँ जटिल व्यापार नेटवर्क भी थे। ब्रिटिश उपनिवेशवाद ने इस अर्थव्यवस्था में महत्वपूर्ण परिवर्तन लाया।
