Benzodiazepines and SSRIs Overview

<p>Tardive dyskinesia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of side effects and dietary restrictions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can decrease glutamate binding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may increase seizure frequency in predisposed individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insomnia and restlessness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sedation to aid sleep (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High protein meals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marked tolerance and psychological dependence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomoxetine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nausea and vomiting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parkinson's disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restlessness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-stimulants for ADHD (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Life-threatening agranulocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aripiprazole (A), Ziprasidone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe depression or comatose state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine D2 antagonist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HLA-B1502 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight gain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tonic-clonic seizures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased alertness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

SNRIs work by preventing the body from reabsorbing norepinephrine and serotonin, increasing their availability in the brain.

MAOIs increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin by preventing their breakdown in the brain.

Bupropion boosts norepinephrine and dopamine, known for their stimulating effects, potentially improving focus and concentration.

Ketamine, often administered intravenously, affects glutamate, a key neurotransmitter. Its effects on depression are relatively quick.

Brexanolone is an expensive, IV-administered treatment specifically for postpartum depression.

These antipsychotics affect dopamine brain receptors but have significant side effects (e.g., tardive dyskinesia).

Side effects of certain drugs that include dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation.

Patients on MAOIs must avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent dangerous blood pressure increases.

First-line treatment for ADHD, amplifying low dopamine and norepinephrine signals.

First-line treatment for ADHD, amplifying low dopamine and norepinephrine signals; high potential for abuse.

Second-line ADHD treatment; inhibits norepinephrine reuptake, increasing its levels.

First-line treatment for Parkinson's Disease, converting to dopamine in the brain and activating dopamine receptors.

Nausea, vomiting, tremor, hypotension, palpitations, dizziness, potential psychosis.

Drugs used to treat schizophrenia, working by antagonizing dopamine and serotonin receptors.

Clozapine carries a significant risk of life-threatening agranulocytosis (low white blood cells) and myocarditis (heart inflammation).

Avoid high-protein meals, avoid first-generation antipsychotics, MAOIs, anticholinergics, and pyridoxine.

Insomnia, restlessness, appetite suppression (weight loss), slight increase in heart rate and blood pressure.

Weight gain, obesity, dyslipidemia (lipid abnormalities), diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are common side effects of second-generation antipsychotics.

Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, dizziness, somnolence, mood swings, risk of suicidal thinking in children and adolescents.

Used for partial and generalized seizures, bipolar disorder, and trigeminal neuralgia.

May cause Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN); a severe skin reaction. Also associated with blood disorders like aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis.

Used to treat tonic-clonic or partial seizures, epilepsy, and seizures related to head trauma, surgery, or stroke.

Interactions with other medications may occur, particularly with anticholinergic drugs, central nervous system depressants, and Levodopa.

Regular blood tests are necessary (Complete Blood Count, electrolytes, liver, and heart function tests) for patients taking anti-psychotics, in particular clozapine.