Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a major psychological factor influencing caregiver interpretations of encopresis?
What is a major psychological factor influencing caregiver interpretations of encopresis?
- Physical health history
- Awareness of dietary habits
- Cultural perceptions of the condition (correct)
- Overestimation of a child's cognitive abilities
What percentage of children with encopresis became completely continent after 5 months, according to the study referenced?
What percentage of children with encopresis became completely continent after 5 months, according to the study referenced?
- 30%
- 50%
- 60% (correct)
- 80%
What dietary practice can contribute to encopresis according to the evaluation recommendations?
What dietary practice can contribute to encopresis according to the evaluation recommendations?
- High-fat diets
- Regular meal times
- Low-fiber diets (correct)
- Hydration-focused diets
Which factor is suggested to increase awareness of rectal distension in children with encopresis?
Which factor is suggested to increase awareness of rectal distension in children with encopresis?
Behavior analysts can begin encopresis treatment during evaluation by providing what type of information?
Behavior analysts can begin encopresis treatment during evaluation by providing what type of information?
What is the primary focus of the discussed biofeedback treatment?
What is the primary focus of the discussed biofeedback treatment?
What condition is specifically addressed in relation to biofeedback treatment?
What condition is specifically addressed in relation to biofeedback treatment?
What function does the bladder primarily serve?
What function does the bladder primarily serve?
What is a key characteristic of the bladder's structure?
What is a key characteristic of the bladder's structure?
What is the ultimate goal of biofeedback treatment?
What is the ultimate goal of biofeedback treatment?
What is a key criterion for diagnosing nocturnal enuresis according to DSM-5?
What is a key criterion for diagnosing nocturnal enuresis according to DSM-5?
Which statement about the subtypes of enuresis is accurate?
Which statement about the subtypes of enuresis is accurate?
What is NOT a requirement for diagnosing nocturnal enuresis?
What is NOT a requirement for diagnosing nocturnal enuresis?
Which behavior is associated with improving children's health as mentioned in the discussion?
Which behavior is associated with improving children's health as mentioned in the discussion?
What condition should NOT be the exclusive cause of enuresis for it to be diagnosed?
What condition should NOT be the exclusive cause of enuresis for it to be diagnosed?
What is identified as the most straightforward option for selecting target regimen behaviors?
What is identified as the most straightforward option for selecting target regimen behaviors?
Which variable significantly affects the probability of adherence?
Which variable significantly affects the probability of adherence?
What is considered more immediately crucial to a patient’s health and well-being?
What is considered more immediately crucial to a patient’s health and well-being?
Which of the following behaviors should be targeted to build momentum for larger changes?
Which of the following behaviors should be targeted to build momentum for larger changes?
In the context of adherence assessment, who is primarily targeted for treatment?
In the context of adherence assessment, who is primarily targeted for treatment?
Flashcards
Encopresis
Encopresis
A condition where a child has difficulty controlling bowel movements, leading to repeated soiling.
Treatment failure
Treatment failure
When a child does not get better after treatment for encopresis.
Retentive encopresis
Retentive encopresis
A type of encopresis related to holding onto stool, leading to stool buildup.
Behavioral interventions
Behavioral interventions
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Diet's impact on encopresis
Diet's impact on encopresis
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Nocturnal Enuresis
Nocturnal Enuresis
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Diurnal Enuresis
Diurnal Enuresis
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Mixed Enuresis
Mixed Enuresis
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Primary Enuresis
Primary Enuresis
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Secondary Enuresis
Secondary Enuresis
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Biofeedback
Biofeedback
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Detrusor Muscle
Detrusor Muscle
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Volitional Bladder Control
Volitional Bladder Control
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Bladder Storage & Release
Bladder Storage & Release
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Treatment Integrity
Treatment Integrity
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Communication Impact
Communication Impact
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Target Regimen Behaviors
Target Regimen Behaviors
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Specificity of Recommendations
Specificity of Recommendations
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Direct Observation
Direct Observation
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Study Notes
Behavioral Pediatrics and ABA
- Few children in the US have a dedicated mental health provider, but all have medical care.
- Pediatricians are the first point of contact for behavioral/emotional concerns.
- About 25% of children in primary care present with behavioral/emotional disorders.
- Another 40% show subclinical behaviors/emotions concerning caregivers.
Four Primary Domains of Behavioral Pediatrics
- Evaluating/treating common child behavior problems in primary care.
- Influence of physiological variables on child behavior problems.
- Influence of behavioral variables on child medical problems.
- Contextual variables influencing the first three domains.
Bedtime Problems
- 30% of families experience weekly sleep difficulties.
- Common issues include resistance to bed, fussing, crying, and leaving the bedroom.
- Medications can be prescribed, but often have side effects, and gains are lost with withdrawal.
Behavioral Treatment for Bedtime Problems
- Extinction: caregivers avoid the child's room after bedtime.
- Graduated Extinction: caregivers gradually increase time spent ignoring bedtime issues.
- Positive Routines: involves a calming bedtime ritual before bedtime.
- Bedtime Pass: child receives a pass for acceptable requests after settling in.
Retentive Encopresis
- Functional encopresis (3-5% of referrals) involves involuntary/voluntary stool accidents.
- Usually linked to constipation, but not always.
Influence of Physiological Variables
- Physiological variables are major contributing factors to behavior problems.
- Physiological issues influence, but aren't the only reason for, presenting behaviors.
- Stomach pain might be the reason to miss school, and reinforcement occurs, like avoiding activities.
Influence of Behavioral Variables on Child Medical Problems
- Biofeedback treatments involve training patients to control physiological processes to improve their health.
- Biofeedback training improves health, and health is improved.
Nocturnal Enuresis
- Repeated bedwetting. Usually at least two times a week, for three or more months.
- Commonly seen in first-grade.
Treatment for Nocturnal Enuresis
- Medication is common but may have side effects.
- Urine alarm systems are often a solution.
- Pairing alarms to bladder activation can lead to improved control.
Contextual Variables
- Aspects like doctor-patient communication, and patient compliance—are central to treatment.
- Includes factors beyond the specific medical condition.
Treatment Adherence
- Patient nonadherence is frequent in any medical setting.
- Factors such as patient/caregiver concerns, clinician traits, treatment complexity, need for social support, and clinician-patient rapport influence outcomes.
- Includes aspects such as rewards, incentives, prompting, health education, and monitoring.
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