Behavior Modification Principles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of behaviour is 'thinking' classified as?

  • Visible Behaviour
  • Social Behaviour
  • Covert Behaviour (correct)
  • Overt Behaviour

Which principle of behaviour modification primarily addresses increasing a specific behaviour by providing a reward?

  • Reinforcement (correct)
  • Punishment
  • Stimulus Control
  • Observation

What is the primary focus of behaviour modification?

  • Overt Behaviours (correct)
  • Covert Behaviours
  • Cognitive Processes
  • Environmental Causes

In the example of Samantha, what results from her head banging behaviour?

<p>It generates immediate teacher comfort and attention. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of overt behaviour?

<p>It can be internal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of stimulus control refer to in behaviour modification?

<p>Controlling environmental factors influencing behaviour. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action by the teacher exemplifies reinforcement in Samantha's situation?

<p>Comforting Samantha after her head banging. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as a method to reduce disruptive behaviour in the classroom according to behaviour modification principles?

<p>Providing consistent teacher attention. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes behaviour according to action-based description?

<p>Observable actions described using action verbs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'frequency' refer to in the measurable dimensions of behaviour?

<p>The number of times a behaviour occurs in a given timeframe. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of behaviour's impact on the environment, which example illustrates a physical environment effect?

<p>A light turns on when a switch is flipped. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary principle of the lawfulness of behaviour?

<p>Behaviour operates under functional relationships with environmental events. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measurable dimension of behaviour assesses how long a behaviour lasts?

<p>Duration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviours would be considered as having high intensity?

<p>A weightlifter bench pressing 220 pounds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example best illustrates the concept of latency in measurable dimensions of behaviour?

<p>The time it takes for a student to raise their hand after a question is asked. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can observable behaviours be defined?

<p>Behaviours that can be recorded and measured. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of specific changes in environmental events in behaviour modification procedures?

<p>To relate the changes directly to the behaviour being modified (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the label of 'autism' not considered a cause of behaviour?

<p>Because it is only a descriptor of observed behaviours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized regarding the implementation of behaviour modifications in everyday life?

<p>People implementing modifications require proper training (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of behaviour change measurement is highlighted after an intervention?

<p>Ongoing assessment is crucial to ensure maintenance of the change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key beliefs behind rejecting hypothetical underlying causes of behaviour in behaviour modification?

<p>They cannot be empirically tested through observable evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ivan P. Pavlov's experiments primarily demonstrate?

<p>Respondent conditioning and the development of conditioned reflexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'explanatory functions' refer to in the context of behaviour modification theory?

<p>Hypothetical explanations that cannot be verified (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered important for precise description of behaviour modification procedures?

<p>Clarity in changes that directly influence behaviour (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a target behaviour?

<p>An observable behaviour designated for modification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic differentiates behaviour modification from mere observation of behaviours?

<p>Emphasis on environmental factors and active change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding behavioural deficits in behaviour modification?

<p>They involve desirable behaviours that need to be increased (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between environmental events and behaviour in behaviour modification?

<p>Current environmental events are crucial for assessing and modifying behaviour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is behaviour modification related to experimental analysis of behaviour?

<p>Behaviour modification derives principles from experimental research primarily conducted on animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it a misconception to attribute behaviours solely to labels like 'autism'?

<p>Behaviour is influenced by a variety of environmental factors, not just labels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the modification of functional relationships in behaviour modification primarily involve?

<p>Altering environmental events that control behaviours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Law of Effect suggest about behaviors that produce favorable effects on the environment?

<p>They are more likely to be repeated in the future. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is primarily associated with the development of behaviorism?

<p>John B. Watson (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of developmental disabilities, what type of behaviors can behavior modification help control?

<p>Self-injurious, aggressive, and destructive behaviors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of token economy in mental illness treatment?

<p>To modify daily living skills and aggressive behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What application area utilizes behavior modification to improve work performance and job safety?

<p>Business, Industry and Human Services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of community psychology, what behaviors are often targeted for behavioral interventions?

<p>Reducing littering and increasing recycling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of behavior modification is focused on helping individuals regain normal function after an injury?

<p>Rehabilitation behavior modification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is behavior modification used in sports psychology?

<p>To enhance athletic performance during practice and competition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an area where behavior modification is applied?

<p>Quantum Mechanics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of behavior modification in self-management?

<p>Managing personal habits and health-related behaviors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Behaviour?

What someone does or says, which includes their actions.

Action-based Description

Describing behaviour with action verbs, focusing on what the person does.

Frequency of Behaviour

The number of times a behaviour occurs.

Duration of Behaviour

The length of time the behaviour lasts.

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Intensity of Behaviour

The physical force or energy involved in the behaviour.

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Latency of Behaviour

The time gap between a trigger and the start of the behaviour.

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Physical Impact of Behaviour

Behaviours that involve physical changes in the environment.

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Social Impact Of Behaviour

Behaviours that influence the social environment and interactions.

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Overt Behaviour

Observable actions that can be measured by others, such as walking, talking, or writing.

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Covert Behaviour

Internal or private behaviours that only the individual can experience, such as thinking, dreaming, or imagining.

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Behaviour Modification

The study of how environmental factors influence behaviour, using principles like reinforcement, punishment, and stimulus control.

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Analyzing Behavior

Identifying why a behavior occurs by analyzing the relationship between the environment and the action.

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Target Behavior

The target behavior to change, either desired or undesired behavior.

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Behavioral Excess

A behavior a person wants to reduce, like smoking.

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Behavioral Deficit

A behavior a person wants to increase, like exercise.

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Behavioral Principles

Using methods based on experimental research with animals to help people change behavior.

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Emphasis on Current Environment

Focusing on the current environment and how it influences behavior.

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Modifying Environment

Changing the environment to influence behavior.

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Law of Effect

A principle stating that behaviors followed by positive consequences are more likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative consequences are less likely to be repeated.

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Behaviorism

The scientific study of behavior, focusing on observable actions and their environmental influences.

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Respondent Conditioning

A type of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a natural reflex, leading to a conditioned response.

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Operant Conditioning

A type of learning where behaviors are strengthened by the consequences they produce.

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Token Economy

A system where individuals earn tokens for desired behaviors, which can be exchanged for rewards, often used in mental health settings.

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Organizational Behavior Modification

Applying behavior modification principles to improve work performance, job safety, and decrease negative behaviors in organizations.

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Self-Management

Using behavior modification techniques to manage personal habits, health behaviors, and address personal challenges.

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Prevention of Childhood Problems

Employing behavioral interventions to prevent problematic or unhealthy behavior in children, like child abuse or neglect.

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Sports Performance Enhancement

Applying behavior modification techniques to enhance athletic performance in training and competition.

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What's the problem with labeling a behavior?

Labeling a behavior without understanding its root cause, like calling a child "autistic" without discovering environmental factors that contribute to the behavior.

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What does "Behavior Modification" mean?

A method that focuses on changing specific environmental events related to a behavior. It's about altering the environment to influence behavior.

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Why are precise descriptions important in Behavior Modification?

Clearly defining the specific changes in the environment that will influence a behavior. This ensures everyone understands the steps and can repeat them consistently.

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Who can implement Behavior Modification?

Behavior Modification doesn't have to be done by professionals only; parents, teachers, and others can also be trained to implement these techniques.

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How is effectiveness measured in Behavior Modification?

Measuring a behavior before and after intervention, and then continuously monitoring it to see if changes are sustained.

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Why does Behavior Modification de-emphasize past events?

Focusing on the current environment and its impact on behavior rather than solely on past events, as past events don't directly determine the present.

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What does Behavior Modification reject in terms of explaining behavior?

Rejecting explanations that cannot be directly measured or manipulated. It focuses on observable behaviors and their relationship to environmental events.

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What did Ivan Pavlov discover?

Ivan Pavlov discovered the basic principles of respondent conditioning through his experiments. He showed how animals could learn to associate neutral stimuli with natural reflexes.

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Study Notes

Defining Human Behaviour

  • Behaviour encompasses actions and words, not just characteristics
  • Actions should be described with action verbs (e.g., "Jennifer screamed")
  • Behaviour has measurable dimensions

Measurable Dimensions of Behaviour

  • Frequency: Counting how often a behaviour occurs (e.g., Shane bit his nails 12 times)
  • Duration: Measuring the time a behaviour lasts (e.g., Rita jogged for 25 minutes)
  • Intensity: Assessing the strength or effort involved (e.g., Garth bench pressed 220 pounds)
  • Latency: The time between an event and the start of a behaviour (e.g., delay between a question and a student raising their hand)

Observability and Recordability

  • Behaviours are observable actions, perceived through senses (e.g., seen, heard)
  • Behaviours can be described and recorded (e.g., child claps hands or jumps)
  • Recording methods are used in behaviour modification techniques

Impact on the Environment

  • Behaviour always affects the environment (e.g., light turns on, switch flipped)
  • Behaviour can affect social environments (e.g., raising hand to be called on)

Lawfulness of Behaviour

  • Behaviour is governed by functional relationships with environmental events (e.g., child's disruptive behaviour increases when the teacher gives less attention)
  • Behavioural principles describe how behaviours change in response to environmental triggers

Types of Behaviour

  • Overt: Visible actions that others can see and measure (e.g., walking, talking, or writing)
  • Covert: Internal or private behaviours, only seen by the individual (e.g., thinking, dreaming, or imagining)

Behaviour Modification

  • Identifying environmental causes of behavior and adjusting to influence it
  • Based on fundamental behavioural principles (e.g., reinforcement, punishment, and stimulus control)
  • Aims to improve socially significant behaviours

Characteristics of Behaviour Modification

  • Focus on observable behaviors
  • Emphasis on current environmental events
  • Precise descriptions of procedures
  • Procedures are implemented by various people
  • Measurable behaviour change
  • Rejection of hypothetical underlying causes of behaviour

Historical Roots

  • Ivan Pavlov: Respondent conditioning, experiments on dogs
  • Edward Thorndike: Law of effect (behaviour producing a favorable effect is more likely to be repeated)

Areas of Application

  • Developmental Disabilities: Modifying behaviours to improve communication and skills in individuals with developmental disabilities
  • Mental Illness: Interventions modifying daily life skills, social behavior, aggressive behaviour and psychotic behaviors
  • Education and Special Education: Improving teaching methods and reducing problem behaviours in classrooms
  • Rehabilitation: Helping people regain function after injury or trauma
  • Community Psychology: Influencing large groups, like reducing littering or illegal drug use
  • Clinical Psychology: Applying behavioural techniques to helping people with problems.
  • Business, Industry and Human Services: Improving work performance, safety and decreasing absenteeism
  • Self-Management: Behavioural methods to control personal habits or health-related behaviors.
  • Child Behaviour Management: Helping children with noncompliance, aggressive behaviours, temper tantrums.
  • Prevention: Preventing problems in childhood (e.g., child abuse or neglect).
  • Sports Performance: Improving athletic performance.
  • Health-Related Behaviours: Increasing healthy behaviours (exercise and nutrition).
  • Gerontology: Helping older adults adjust to declining physical abilities

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Related Documents

Behaviour Modification: Principles and Procedures PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on behavior modification concepts and principles with this quiz. Dive into topics such as reinforcement, overt behavior, and the impact of behavior on the environment. Perfect for students and professionals interested in psychology and behavioral science.

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