Questions and Answers
What is behavior modification?
What is the science of behavior?
A descriptive science based on the tenets of scientific method applied to the study of behavior of individuals
Define behaviorism.
The philosophy of the science of behavior
What is applied behavior analysis?
Signup and view all the answers
What does determinism refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Behavior is anything a person does or says that is ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Describe the 3-term sequence of behavior.
Signup and view all the answers
What does the law of parsimony suggest?
Signup and view all the answers
List the characteristics of science.
Signup and view all the answers
What is control in the context of behavior analysis?
Signup and view all the answers
Name one philosophical assumption of behavior analysis.
Signup and view all the answers
Define empiricism.
Signup and view all the answers
What is an experiment in behavior analysis?
Signup and view all the answers
What does replication mean in behavioral studies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is radical behaviorism?
Signup and view all the answers
The behavioral definition of 'applied' refers to focusing on ______ significant behaviors.
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term technological refer to in the context of ABA?
Signup and view all the answers
What does it mean for a study to be conceptually systematic?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of a study being effective?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Behavior Modification
- Originated in the 1960s and 1970s as a systematic approach to change behavior.
Science of Behavior
- Descriptive science founded on the scientific method, focusing on individual behavior.
Behaviorism
- Philosophical framework underlying the science of behavior, emphasizing observable actions.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
- Application of behavioral science to real-world human behavior problems.
- Launch of the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis in 1968.
- Influential article: "Some Current Dimensions of ABA" by Baer, Wolf, & Risley.
Determinism
- Concept that the universe operates under laws where all phenomena have identifiable causes, contrasting randomness with order.
Definition of Behavior
- Observable and measurable actions or speech; cannot include actions of deceased individuals.
3-Term Sequence of Behavior
- Interconnected pattern: Environment → Internal Event → Behavior.
- Examples include fear leading to running or anxiety resulting in restlessness.
Laws of Parsimony
- Emphasizes simple, logical explanations for phenomena (Keep It Simple).
- Relies on observable facts, minimal terms, and data support.
Characteristics of Science
- Emphasizes three core aspects:
- Description
- Prediction
- Control
Descriptive Science
- Involves gathering quantifiable and classifiable facts regarding observed events.
Prediction
- Based on consistent observations that show correlation between two events.
Control
- Represents the potential for science to reliably change a dependent variable through manipulation of an independent variable.
Philosophical Assumptions of Behavior Analysis
- Key principles include determinism, experimentation, empiricism, parsimony, philosophic doubt, and replication.
Empiricism
- Advocates for objective observation of phenomena, emphasizing accurate measurements.
Experimentation
- Involves arranging events to assess their impact on observed phenomena.
Replication
- Involves repeating studies under the same conditions to verify the reliability of findings.
Parsimonious Approach
- Preference for simpler explanations over complex, maintaining few assumptions.
Philosophic Doubt
- Encourages ongoing questioning of established facts and promotes skepticism.
Lawfulness
- Suggests that with ideal experimental control, outcomes will consistently replicate.
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
- Founded in 1938 by B.F. Skinner, focusing on respondent and operant conditioning.
Radical Behaviorism
- Concept introduced by Skinner in 1974 that includes private events, aiming for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior.
Characteristics of ABA (Baer, Wolf, & Risley, 1968)
- Core attributes include applicability, observability, analytical rigor, technological clarity, conceptual systemization, effectiveness, and generalization.
Applied Aspect of ABA
- Focuses on socially significant behaviors from various sectors such as social skills, language, and daily living functionality.
Behavioral Aspect of ABA
- Centers on observable and measurable phenomena as the primary focus of study.
Analytical Aspect of ABA
- Demonstrates functional relationships between variables, providing causal connections.
Technological Aspect of ABA
- Involves clear, objective descriptions of procedures to facilitate replication.
Conceptually Systematic Approach
- Connects behavioral procedures directly to fundamental principles of ABA, ensuring interventions are principle-based.
Effectiveness of ABA
- Prioritizes interventions that produce meaningful and socially significant outcomes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore key concepts in behavior modification and analysis through these flashcards. From behaviorism to the science of behavior, this quiz reinforces essential terms and their meanings in the context of behavioral studies.
