Behavior Analysis Course Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a verbal operant?

A unit of verbal behavior that responds to motivating operations and/or discriminative stimuli and functions to obtain reinforcement from the environment.

What does point-to-point correspondence mean?

The stimulus and response products match in entirety; the response is an exact duplication of the stimulus.

What are the stages of motor imitation training?

Reinforce following full physical prompt

Reinforce following partial prompt

Reinforce following a model

All of the above (correct)

What is usually the reinforcement for correct responding in a motor imitation trial?

Social (praise). Signup and view all the answers

In teaching echoics, we shape by reinforcing ____________________________ before requiring correct words.

word approximations Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical reinforcement for emitting a correct echoic?

Praise and attention. Signup and view all the answers

What is the only verbal operant that directly serves the speaker?

Mands. Signup and view all the answers

What is the SD for a mand?

An MO, something the child wants. Signup and view all the answers

What does augmentative and alternative communication include?

Forms of communication that do not require speaking. Signup and view all the answers

What is sign language?

A mode of communication that employs signs made with the hands and other movements, including facial expressions and postures of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What defines formal sign language?

A full language with syntax and grammar. Signup and view all the answers

What is pidgin language?

Language formed by combining parts of several different languages. Signup and view all the answers

What is idiosyncratic signing?

Usually not a fully formed language, no grammar or syntax. Signup and view all the answers

What device would a person with a complex vocabulary and multiple motor impairments probably prefer?

Stand alone SGD. Signup and view all the answers

What is a prompt?

A supplemental antecedent stimulus that is used when a stimulus does not reliably control a target response. Signup and view all the answers

What does prompt fading refer to?

Gradually reducing prompting procedures. Signup and view all the answers

What is response effort?

The amount of ease or difficulty with which a person can complete a task. Signup and view all the answers

What is prompt dependence?

Continued reliance on a prompt to initiate the performance of a mastered behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 purposes of prompt fading?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is stimulus control?

Behavioral response occurs in the presence of a particular stimulus, but not in its absence. Signup and view all the answers

What is stimulus control transfer?

Systematic reduction of prompts and reinforcement to achieve the final goal of stimulus control. Signup and view all the answers

What is a prompt delay?

A procedure in which the trainer inserts a pause between the discriminative stimulus and the supplemental prompt. Signup and view all the answers

What is stimulus fading?

Gradually decreasing the saliency of a stimulus prompt. Signup and view all the answers

What does salience refer to?

Degree to which an object or characteristic is noticeable. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Verbal Behavior

Verbal Operant: A unit of verbal behavior influenced by motivating operations and discriminative stimuli; aims to acquire reinforcement.
Mands: The only verbal operant that serves the speaker directly, initiated by a motivating operation (MO) for something desired.

Communication Techniques

Point-to-Point Correspondence: Exact match between stimulus and response, where response duplicates the stimulus completely.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC): Methods that facilitate communication without spoken language.
Sign Language: A complete language system using hand signs, facial expressions, and body postures to convey messages.
Formal Sign Language: Structured language complete with its own syntax and grammar.
Pidgin Language: Language created by merging elements from multiple languages.
Idiosyncratic Signing: Non-standardized sign form; lacks grammar and full language structure.

Training Techniques

Motor Imitation Training: Reinforcement hierarchy from full physical prompts to models; facilitates skill acquisition through imitation.
Reinforcement for Echoics: Praise and attention given for accurate echoic responses; shaping involves initial reinforcement of word approximations.

Prompting and Independence

Prompt: Additional stimulus aiding in response initiation when natural stimuli fail to evoke the desired behavior.
Prompt Fading: Gradual reduction of prompts to encourage learner independence and decrease reliance on specific cues.
Prompt Dependence: When an individual continues to require prompts to perform previously mastered behaviors.
Prompt Delay: Inserting a time gap between the stimulus and prompt, allowing learners extra time to respond independently.

Behavioral Concepts

Response Effort: The difficulty level of completing a task, impacting the likelihood of performance.
Stimulus Control: Behavior is triggered by the presence of a specific stimulus; does not occur in its absence.
Stimulus Control Transfer: Process to systematically diminish prompts and reinforcement, aiming for independent stimulus control over behavior.
Stimulus Fading: Gradual reduction in the prominence of a stimulus prompt to encourage more independent responses.

Additional Key Terms

Salience: Refers to how noticeable or prominent a particular object or feature is, impacting attention and behavior.

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Description

Enhance your understanding of key concepts in Behavior Analysis with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential terms such as verbal operants and point-to-point correspondence, crucial for mastering the subject. Perfect for students in courses 9, 10, and 11.