30 Questions
What is the purpose of adding milk of lime to the raw juice?
To raise the pH and stop the inversion reaction
What is the process called that stops the inversion reaction and removes impurities from the juice?
Clarification or defecation
What temperature is the limed juice heated to in order to inactivate the enzyme?
Nearly 100 degrees Celsius
What is the purpose of adding phosphate to the juice deficient in phosphate?
To increase the amount of calcium phosphate precipitate for clarification
What is the name of the process involving the addition of polyelectrolyte flocculants when mud settles poorly?
Using polyacrylamides as flocculants
What is the pH range typically achieved after adding milk of lime to the raw juice?
7.5 to 8.5
How is the juice extracted from sugarcane in the milling process?
The cane is pressed between heavy rolls.
What is the purpose of the first set of knives in the extraction of juice?
To cut the cane into small pieces and act as a leveler.
What is the function of the second set of knives in the extraction process?
To shred the cane into a fluffy mat of pieces.
What is the purpose of the buster in the diffusion process of juice extraction?
To finely shred the cane.
How are stones and mud removed in the washing systems of sugarcane processing?
Through conveyors with water jets and baths.
Describe the process of leaching sugar in diffusion extraction.
The sugar is leached out with water.
What is the sweetening power of fructose compared to sucrose?
1.3 times
When was the first commercial shipment of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)?
1967
What is the fructose content in the initial high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) shipment?
15 percent
At what temperature does the enzyme glucose-fructose isomerase convert glucose into fructose?
35 to 60 degrees Celsius
What is the pH of the medium in which glucose is converted into fructose using glucose-fructose isomerase?
8.2
What chromatographic separation techniques are used in some modified processes to obtain products with up to 90 percent fructose?
Chromatographic separation techniques
What is the advantage of boiling massecuite A with C sugar magma of much lower purity?
The advantage is that the commercial A sugar produced is of very high quality while there is maximum exhaustion of final molasses.
How does dissolved C sugar affect the Brix of clarified juice in the boiling process?
The dissolved C sugar raises the Brix of clarified juice, requiring less steam and capacity for evaporation.
Describe the role of centrifuging in the sugar production process.
Centrifuging separates crystals in the massecuite from the surrounding molasses or syrup using centrifugal force.
What is the design of a typical batch centrifuge used in sugar production?
A high-speed, direct-motor-driven centrifuge with a perforated drum or basket attached to a vertical driving motor.
What is the function of the revolving arms in the mixer tank in sugar production?
The revolving arms prevent crystals from settling in the mixer tank.
Explain the process of adding hot massecuite to the centrifuge basket.
The loading gate is opened, and the hot massecuite is immediately added to the revolving basket where it forms a vertical layer on the screen lining.
What is the purpose of enriching the pressed pulp with molasses or concentrated Steffen filtrate?
To enhance its nutritional value as cattle feed
How is molasses-dried beet pulp beneficial for cattle?
It is an excellent cattle feed
What happens to the material removed from the filters during the clarification of juice?
It is returned to the fields as fertilizer
What is the alternative to sugar and honey traditionally used for sweetening food?
High fructose syrups
What are high fructose syrups typically made from?
Starch
Why do high fructose syrups need to be used in larger quantities than sucrose?
They are only 74% as sweet as sucrose
Learn about the production process of beet pulp, which is used as a raw material for paper production and cattle feed. Understand how beet pulp is extracted, pressed, enriched, and dried to create a valuable product for the beet-sugar factory.
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