Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundation

Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundation

• Local Shear Failure: Soil directly beneath the foundation yields and the failure zone is localized.
• General Shear Failure: Failure zone extends outward from the foundation, causing a wider area of soil to yield.
• Terzaghi's Bearing Capacity Theory: A classical approach that calculates bearing capacity based on soil cohesion, friction angle, and foundation width and depth.
• Skempton's Bearing Capacity Theory: Focuses on the influence of the foundation shape and depth on the bearing capacity.
• Meyerhof's Bearing Capacity Theory: Refines Terzaghi's theory by incorporating factors for various foundation shapes and soil conditions.
• BIS Method for Bearing Capacity: Indian Standard Code specifies bearing capacity based on soil properties and foundation geometry, includes safety factors.
• Bearing Capacity of Granular Soils using SPT Value: The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) provides an in-situ assessment of the soil's resistance. Empirical correlations allow for estimating the bearing capacity using SPT N-values and soil properties.
• Raft Foundation: A wide, rigid foundation that distributes the load over a large area, often used for heavy structures or poor soil conditions.
• Floating Foundation: A foundation that rests on the soil's buoyant force, typically used where the soil is weak or compressible.
• Plate Load Test: A direct in-situ method that involves applying a controlled load to a plate resting on soil and measuring the settlement, provides accurate bearing capacity for the specific location.
• Static Cone Penetrometer (CPT): A device pushed into the soil to measure resistance, allows for assessing soil strength and bearing capacity at various depths.
• Pressure Meter Test (PMT): An in-situ test that measures the soil's deformation under pressure, resulting in estimations of its strength and bearing capacity.
• Contact Pressure Distribution Diagram: A graphical representation of the pressure distribution beneath the base of a footing, typically exhibiting a non-uniform distribution due to the soil's response to the load.