Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the purpose of a permanent medical record?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the purpose of a permanent medical record?
- A record of a person's employment history and qualifications within healthcare.
- A summary of a patient's insurance coverage and billing information.
- A legal document outlining a patient's rights and responsibilities during their hospital stay.
- A chronologic account of a person's illnesses/injury, the care provided, and the patient's response to treatments from admission to discharge or death. (correct)
The Joint Commission (TJC) accreditation is MOST dependent on which of the following?
The Joint Commission (TJC) accreditation is MOST dependent on which of the following?
- Adherence to criteria that demonstrate the delivery of quality patient care. (correct)
- The facility's financial performance and profitability.
- The facility's marketing strategies and patient acquisition rate.
- The number of research publications produced by the facility's staff.
A hospital department is undergoing an audit by TJC. Which outcome would MOST likely cause TJC to withdraw their approval?
A hospital department is undergoing an audit by TJC. Which outcome would MOST likely cause TJC to withdraw their approval?
- Minor discrepancies in employee timecard records.
- Slightly outdated décor in patient waiting areas.
- A temporary shortage of certain office supplies.
- The company being non-compliant with established quality care standards. (correct)
Which aspect of nursing documentation is MOST critical for The Joint Commission (TJC) accreditation?
Which aspect of nursing documentation is MOST critical for The Joint Commission (TJC) accreditation?
Why is complete and consistent documentation MOST important for reimbursement and utilization review?
Why is complete and consistent documentation MOST important for reimbursement and utilization review?
Which of the following documentation practices would have the MOST negative impact on reimbursement?
Which of the following documentation practices would have the MOST negative impact on reimbursement?
How do the American Nurses Association (ANA) Scope and Standards of Practice relate to documentation?
How do the American Nurses Association (ANA) Scope and Standards of Practice relate to documentation?
According to the ANA standards, what characteristic should be present when documenting expected outcomes?
According to the ANA standards, what characteristic should be present when documenting expected outcomes?
A client's chart indicates a need for scheduled, PRN, and STAT medications. Where would a nurse find this information documented?
A client's chart indicates a need for scheduled, PRN, and STAT medications. Where would a nurse find this information documented?
A patient is being discharged. Which document would contain a summary of the patient education provided during their stay, including their understanding of the material?
A patient is being discharged. Which document would contain a summary of the patient education provided during their stay, including their understanding of the material?
If a patient is unable to make their own healthcare decisions, which document provides instructions about the client's choices for care?
If a patient is unable to make their own healthcare decisions, which document provides instructions about the client's choices for care?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of multidisciplinary progress notes?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of multidisciplinary progress notes?
A nurse needs to quickly determine a patient's recent fluid intake and output. Which document would be MOST helpful?
A nurse needs to quickly determine a patient's recent fluid intake and output. Which document would be MOST helpful?
Where would a nurse document the specific details of a wound assessment, including size, appearance, and drainage?
Where would a nurse document the specific details of a wound assessment, including size, appearance, and drainage?
A new patient is admitted. Which of the following forms is used to gather baseline information about the client's health patterns and initial physical condition?
A new patient is admitted. Which of the following forms is used to gather baseline information about the client's health patterns and initial physical condition?
A doctor orders a new medication for a client. Where would the nurse look to find the dosage, frequency, and route of administration?
A doctor orders a new medication for a client. Where would the nurse look to find the dosage, frequency, and route of administration?
A nurse is preparing a patient for discharge and needs to ensure that necessary referral services are in place. Where would this information be documented?
A nurse is preparing a patient for discharge and needs to ensure that necessary referral services are in place. Where would this information be documented?
A patient's lab results return, showing a concerning trend. Where would you find these results in the patient chart?
A patient's lab results return, showing a concerning trend. Where would you find these results in the patient chart?
A nurse is reviewing a patient's chart and notes inconsistent information between the physician's progress notes and the nursing documentation. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?
A nurse is reviewing a patient's chart and notes inconsistent information between the physician's progress notes and the nursing documentation. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?
A patient recovering from surgery has a PCA pump for pain management. The nurse notes that the patient is consistently exceeding the hourly limit of the medication. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A patient recovering from surgery has a PCA pump for pain management. The nurse notes that the patient is consistently exceeding the hourly limit of the medication. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient and discovers that the prescribed dose is significantly higher than the usual recommended dose. What is the nurse's priority action?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient and discovers that the prescribed dose is significantly higher than the usual recommended dose. What is the nurse's priority action?
A nurse is caring for a patient with Down syndrome who has undergone surgery. When documenting the patient's pain level, what adaptation should the nurse make to ensure accurate assessment?
A nurse is caring for a patient with Down syndrome who has undergone surgery. When documenting the patient's pain level, what adaptation should the nurse make to ensure accurate assessment?
What is the primary reason for documenting patient care thoroughly and accurately?
What is the primary reason for documenting patient care thoroughly and accurately?
Which of the following charting notations is the most accurate and objective description of a patient's wound?
Which of the following charting notations is the most accurate and objective description of a patient's wound?
A nurse is giving a verbal hand-off report to the oncoming nurse. What information is most essential to include in the report?
A nurse is giving a verbal hand-off report to the oncoming nurse. What information is most essential to include in the report?
A nurse is reviewing a new medication order that is unclear and potentially contains an error. What is the nurse's best course of action?
A nurse is reviewing a new medication order that is unclear and potentially contains an error. What is the nurse's best course of action?
A patient with a history of diabetes is admitted with hyperglycemia. To effectively track the patient's glucose levels and related interventions using a source-oriented medical record, what approach would be necessary?
A patient with a history of diabetes is admitted with hyperglycemia. To effectively track the patient's glucose levels and related interventions using a source-oriented medical record, what approach would be necessary?
In the event of a legal challenge, how would a patient's medical record be used to determine if treatments were carried out appropriately?
In the event of a legal challenge, how would a patient's medical record be used to determine if treatments were carried out appropriately?
How does the use of standardized nursing language within Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contribute to improved patient care and professional accountability?
How does the use of standardized nursing language within Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contribute to improved patient care and professional accountability?
A nurse documents an assessment finding using a non-standard abbreviation that is misunderstood by a covering physician, leading to a delay in appropriate treatment. This situation primarily violates which principle of documentation?
A nurse documents an assessment finding using a non-standard abbreviation that is misunderstood by a covering physician, leading to a delay in appropriate treatment. This situation primarily violates which principle of documentation?
Which of the following is a primary advantage of using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) over traditional paper-based records in healthcare settings?
Which of the following is a primary advantage of using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) over traditional paper-based records in healthcare settings?
A nurse is caring for a patient with complex care needs. The nurse wants to ensure all relevant data regarding the patient's condition and response to treatment is readily accessible to all members of the healthcare team. Which documentation method would be MOST effective in achieving this goal?
A nurse is caring for a patient with complex care needs. The nurse wants to ensure all relevant data regarding the patient's condition and response to treatment is readily accessible to all members of the healthcare team. Which documentation method would be MOST effective in achieving this goal?
A healthcare facility is implementing a new Electronic Health Record (EHR) system. What is a key consideration to ensure the EHR supports quality and performance improvement initiatives, as outlined in Standard 14—Quality of Practice?
A healthcare facility is implementing a new Electronic Health Record (EHR) system. What is a key consideration to ensure the EHR supports quality and performance improvement initiatives, as outlined in Standard 14—Quality of Practice?
A nurse is called to testify in a malpractice lawsuit regarding the care provided to a patient who developed a pressure ulcer during a hospital stay. What aspects of the nurse's documentation will be MOST scrutinized by the legal team?
A nurse is called to testify in a malpractice lawsuit regarding the care provided to a patient who developed a pressure ulcer during a hospital stay. What aspects of the nurse's documentation will be MOST scrutinized by the legal team?
A patient refuses to take their scheduled oral medication. According to protocol, what is the correct procedure for documenting this refusal?
A patient refuses to take their scheduled oral medication. According to protocol, what is the correct procedure for documenting this refusal?
Which of the following scenarios requires the completion of an incident (occurrence) report?
Which of the following scenarios requires the completion of an incident (occurrence) report?
A patient's medication order includes a dosage range for an IV heart medication that requires titration based on the patient's blood pressure. What specific documentation is essential for this type of medication order?
A patient's medication order includes a dosage range for an IV heart medication that requires titration based on the patient's blood pressure. What specific documentation is essential for this type of medication order?
A patient was scheduled to receive a dose of antibiotics at 0900, but was at dialysis during that time and did not receive it. What documentation is required?
A patient was scheduled to receive a dose of antibiotics at 0900, but was at dialysis during that time and did not receive it. What documentation is required?
A nurse discovers a patient tripped over an oxygen cord and fell. What information should the nurse include in the incident report?
A nurse discovers a patient tripped over an oxygen cord and fell. What information should the nurse include in the incident report?
In home healthcare, what is the primary purpose of the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) form?
In home healthcare, what is the primary purpose of the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) form?
A patient is admitted to home health care. Which of the following criteria must be met to ensure coverage under Medicare/Medicaid?
A patient is admitted to home health care. Which of the following criteria must be met to ensure coverage under Medicare/Medicaid?
What info should be documented regarding injections?
What info should be documented regarding injections?
In long-term care (LTC) settings, what is the typical frequency for documenting routine patient services such as wound care, assuming no complications arise?
In long-term care (LTC) settings, what is the typical frequency for documenting routine patient services such as wound care, assuming no complications arise?
Which U.S. Government program(s) typically require more detailed documentation in long-term care (LTC) settings?
Which U.S. Government program(s) typically require more detailed documentation in long-term care (LTC) settings?
What is the name of the extensive assessment form that must be completed for residents in long-term care (LTC) facilities upon admission and periodically thereafter?
What is the name of the extensive assessment form that must be completed for residents in long-term care (LTC) facilities upon admission and periodically thereafter?
Which of the following elements is typically included in a weekly summary of a long-term care (LTC) resident's documentation?
Which of the following elements is typically included in a weekly summary of a long-term care (LTC) resident's documentation?
In long-term care, how does the frequency of medication administration record (MAR) documentation typically differ from that in acute care settings?
In long-term care, how does the frequency of medication administration record (MAR) documentation typically differ from that in acute care settings?
What does the acronym SBAR stand for, in the context of a change-of-shift report?
What does the acronym SBAR stand for, in the context of a change-of-shift report?
When providing a change-of-shift report, what information should the nurse clarify before the end of the report?
When providing a change-of-shift report, what information should the nurse clarify before the end of the report?
What does the acronym MBAR stand for, concerning patient transfers?
What does the acronym MBAR stand for, concerning patient transfers?
Flashcards
Documentation
Documentation
Written or electronic record of patient's health status, care, and outcomes.
Nurses must be able to
Nurses must be able to
To communicate patient care clearly, concisely, comprehensively, and accurately.
Documentation ABC's
Documentation ABC's
Accurate, Bias-free, Complete, Detailed, Easy to read, Factual, Grammatical, Harmless (legally), I am responsible.
Medical Records
Medical Records
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Documentation Importance
Documentation Importance
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Purpose of Documentation
Purpose of Documentation
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Appendectomy
Appendectomy
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Steven Vital Signs
Steven Vital Signs
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Permanent Record
Permanent Record
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Quality Improvement
Quality Improvement
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The Joint Commission (TJC)
The Joint Commission (TJC)
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Reimbursement and Utilization Review
Reimbursement and Utilization Review
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Education and Research
Education and Research
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Standards of Care
Standards of Care
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Standard 1—Assessment
Standard 1—Assessment
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Standard 2—Diagnosis
Standard 2—Diagnosis
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Medical Record (Legal)
Medical Record (Legal)
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Standardized Nursing Language
Standardized Nursing Language
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Nursing Research Support
Nursing Research Support
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Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
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Source-Oriented Record
Source-Oriented Record
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Medical Records as Legal Record
Medical Records as Legal Record
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Standardized Nursing Language Supports Research
Standardized Nursing Language Supports Research
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Electronic Health Records (EHR)- chart locations
Electronic Health Records (EHR)- chart locations
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Injection Documentation
Injection Documentation
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Medication Refusal
Medication Refusal
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Omitted/Delayed Meds
Omitted/Delayed Meds
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24-Hour Summary
24-Hour Summary
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Integrated Plan of Care
Integrated Plan of Care
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Incident Reports
Incident Reports
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Incident Report Details
Incident Report Details
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Home Health Regs
Home Health Regs
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Admission Data
Admission Data
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Advance Directive
Advance Directive
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History and Physical Examination
History and Physical Examination
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Physician's Orders
Physician's Orders
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Progress Notes
Progress Notes
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Nursing Admission Data Base
Nursing Admission Data Base
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Nursing Plan of Care
Nursing Plan of Care
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Graphic Sheet
Graphic Sheet
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Daily Assessment Flow Sheet
Daily Assessment Flow Sheet
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Medication Administration Record (MAR)
Medication Administration Record (MAR)
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Nursing Process Documentation
Nursing Process Documentation
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Minimum Data Set (MDS)
Minimum Data Set (MDS)
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LTC Weekly Summary
LTC Weekly Summary
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SBAR
SBAR
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MBAR Report
MBAR Report
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Change of Shift Report
Change of Shift Report
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Vital Signs / Assessment
Vital Signs / Assessment
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Characteristics of Pain, Medication
Characteristics of Pain, Medication
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Study Notes
- Documentation and reporting are essential nursing skills for communicating patient care.
- Nurses must clearly, concisely, and accurately communicate patient care through verbal reporting and written documentation.
ABC's of Documentation
- Documentation should be accurate, bias-free, complete, detailed, easy to read, factual, grammatical, harmless legally, and demonstrate responsibility.
Importance of Documentation
- Medical records are a collection of documented events during a patient's admission, reflecting their health and progress.
- Medical records are permanent and can be used as evidence in court.
- Documentation facilitates information sharing among health care workers for continuity of care and patient safety.
- It serves as a chronological account of a person's illnesses/injury, care provided, and the patient's response from admission to discharge or death.
- Documentation is kept for future reference, such as readmissions.
- Documentation helps evaluate care quality, patient safety, and healthcare providers' compliance with licensure requirements.
- Documentation is part of the criteria used by The Joint Commission (TJC)c to ensure facilities provide quality care.
- TJC requires nursing documentation for accreditation, including assessments (physical, psychological, social) and the client's ability to manage continuing care needs.
- Documentation includes identification of nursing diagnoses/client needs, and planned interventions or nursing standards.
- Various agencies, like insurance companies, use documentation to determine the cost of care and companies may deny payment if lacking.
- Students use documentation for clinical preparation and research.
- ANA (American Nurses Association) standards of care emphasize documentation.
- Accurate data should be documented, diagnoses and problems should be documented, goals and outcomes should be documented, and planning should be documented using standardized terms.
- Legal records are evidence in court to assess the appropriateness of treatments/interventions.
- Legal professionals review baseline status, changes, actions, and the client's response.
- Medical records can be used in malpractice or negligence cases and anything unreadable cannot be used.
- Standardized terminology ensures visible and easier-to-follow nursing care.
- EHRs (Electronic Health Records) leverage this for data-driven, evidenced-based practices.
Documentation Methods
Source Oriented Records
- Source-oriented records have tabs for each discipline.
- A source oriented record allows for easy location of information from various departments.
- Information is scattered, fragmented, and difficult to consolidate without reviewing multiple sections when using source oriented records.
- Source-oriented records make it difficult to track treatments and outcomes for specific problems.
Electronic Health Records (EHR)
- Computerized charts are accessible at the nurse's station, in patient rooms, handheld, or on wheels.
- EHR charting improves communication, access to information, and has legible information.
- EHRs automatically record the date/time, use consistent abbreviations, prompt nurses for specific information.
- EHRs save time, reduce storage, and enhances data retrieval.
- Quality of care is improved and there are fewer errors with EHRs.
- Data collection is enabled for evidenced-based practice with EHRs.
- Confidential information is secure with tracking systems, passwords, and screen protectors/savers as part of EHRs.
- Limitations include computer illiteracy, forms that don't accommodate narrative documentation and susceptibility to hacking.
- Further limitations include high initial costs, reliance on backup systems during power outages, and integration issues across departments with EHRs.
Charting by Exception (CBE)
- The assumption is that all standards have been met and that only the norms are defined on the form and that only significant problems or abnormalities are documented.
- Decreases time charting but must have intimate knowledge organizations
- Can lead to important info being omitted due to the nurse's perception of normal.
Nursing Notes and Formats
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Narrative notes write information chronologically like a journal.
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Flowsheets document recurring tasks like I/O, ADLs, vitals, and post-op details.
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Graphics monitor trends and can be a good way to track output or vitals.
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Problem-Oriented Medical Records- is a database of objective, subjective, and care plan progress notes.
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SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan), PIE (Problem, Intervention, Evaluation), and DAR (Data, Action, Response) are examples of progress notes.
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SOAP charting includes subjective and objective, followed by an assessment of the problem, then the care plan.
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PIE charting identifies the problem then the intervention, then the evaluation.
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ADPIE is similar to PIE, but also adds analysis and diagnosis of the problem.
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DAR charting tracks the data, and documents the analysis and action, and how the patient responded.
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Nursing process/clinical judgement model should be used to ensure all pertinent areas are covered when using any format of documenting.
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Nurses provide 24/7 care, hence are responsible for maintaining accurate records to give healthcare team members info on the patient.
Abbreviations
- TJC advises nurses to avoid using abbreviations in hospitals.
Documents
- Medical records include an array of standardized forms, each with specific purposes and guidelines.
- Admission data includes client's information, a chart for emergency contacts, and the admitting diagnosis.
- Advance directives outline patient choices for care.
- History and physical exam documents the physician's review of the client's health problems, examination results, and treatment plan.
- Physician's orders specify lab tests, diet, medications, IV fluids, and procedures.
- Physician progress notes describe the client's status/response to care.
- The Nursing admission database captures baseline information on a client's needs.
- Nursing care plans outline client problems, goals, and care directions.
- Graphic sheets trend in the clients vitals, daily vitals, and more.
- Nursing notes detail the subjectivity and objectivity about the client as determined by the nurse.
- Medication Administration Records (MAR)- document medications given: PRN, scheduled, STAT, etc. Injections must be located. Any allergies must be recorded.
- Labs include results of the chart from tests in the hospital
Communication
- Change of shift reports - SBAR (Situation, background, assessment, recommendation) is commonly used.
- Nurses must be on time and must keep the notes to be inclusive.
- If you are transferring a patient you use MBAR (Medications, Background, Assessment, and recommendations)
- Change of shit reports include: client name, physician, assessment, plan, date of birth;
- Verbal orders should only come in emergencies or to a provider.
- Use another nurse as a witness and verbally repeat to confirm.
- Note the date and time of VO followed by the nurses signature.
- If there's questions about a prescription, follow the policy and call MD
- Workplace confidentiality is very important for charts, room, and computers.
- Passwords are crucial and shouldn't be shared.
- Telephone calls should be professional by immediately introducing yourself.
Documentation Tips
- Know the facilities policy before documenting.
- Always use the right chart and always document very chart for more up to date charting.
- Always use military chart format and document in the correct way.
- Paper records should be checked for name and identification.
- Inks should be black or blue.
- Use clear and concise language.
Social Media
- Nurses using social media should also be aware of their audience by posting professionally and securely.
Documentation Errors
- Failing to document
- Subjectivity when writing
- Improper notes
- Sloppy handwriting errors
Home Health and long term care documentation
- HCFA regulates medicare and medicaid which has home health care benefits that can be documented.
- The data set must be filled every three months and should follow the proper standards.
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