B.Com BCH 101 - Environmental Science Quiz

The variety of life on Earth at different levels, including genetic diversity within species, diversity of species, and diversity of ecosystems.

Areas with a high concentration of endemic species (unique to a specific region) that are threatened by human activities.

The practice of protecting biodiversity in its natural environment, like national parks or wildlife sanctuaries.

The practice of protecting biodiversity outside its natural environment, like in zoos, botanical gardens, or gene banks.

The many benefits humans derive from ecosystems, including clean air and water, food, medicine, and natural beauty.

The increasing amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to an overall warming effect on the planet.

A law aimed at protecting and conserving India's diverse wildlife, including endangered and vulnerable species.

A community of living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interacting with their physical environment (soil, water, air).

Ecosystems that have not been significantly altered by human activity, like forests, grasslands, deserts, and oceans.

Ecosystems altered by human activity, like farms, cities, and industrial areas.

The structure or arrangement of an ecosystem, like the layers of a forest, the zones of a pond, or the changes in vegetation on a mountain.

The types of plants and animals found in an ecosystem.

The interconnected processes that keep an ecosystem functioning, like energy flow, nutrient cycling, and food chains.

The transfer of energy from the sun to producers (plants) to consumers (animals) and decomposers.

The continuous circulation of essential elements like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus through the ecosystem.

A series of organisms that eat each other, like a plant being eaten by a herbivore, which is eaten by a carnivore.

A diagram that shows the flow of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

A network of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem.

The process of change in an ecosystem over time, leading to a more stable state.

The initial stage of succession, characterized by simple organisms like grasses and mosses.

The most stable and mature stage of ecological succession.

A community of plants and animals living in a specific environment.

Tiny aquatic plants that are the base of the food chain in marine environments.

A type of ecosystem dominated by trees, shrubs, and other plants.

The gradual process of change within a forest ecosystem.

Plant communities that are predominantly structurally defined by trees.

The process where land originally used for natural grasslands is converted into artificial farmlands, often for growing crops like sugarcane.

The degradation of grasslands caused by exceeding the carrying capacity of the land with livestock, leading to a loss of nutritious grasses and soil compaction.

The negative impact on grasslands caused by repeated fires, which while initially providing a flush of new growth, eventually lead to soil degradation and loss of vegetation.

Deserts and semi-arid regions are highly specialized ecosystems that are easily destroyed by human activities, as the species residing there are adapted to specific conditions.

The process where grasslands are transformed into industrial areas, leading to short-term economic gains but causing long-term ecological and economic losses.

Abiotic factors are the non-living components of an ecosystem, including things like climate, soil, rainfall, and temperature.

Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.

The type of forest depends on the specific climatic conditions of the area, including temperature and rainfall.

The type of soil can influence which plants grow in a forest, impacting the overall plant community.

Coniferous forests, characterized by trees with needle-like leaves, are found in regions with cold temperatures, like the Himalayas.

Broadleaved forests encompass several subtypes, including evergreen and deciduous forests, and they are known for their large, varied leaves.

Evergreen forests, characterized by trees that retain their leaves year-round, are found in high-rainfall regions of the Western Ghats, Northeast India, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Deciduous forests are characterized by trees that lose their leaves seasonally, typically during autumn.

Mangrove forests are adapted to grow in salty, coastal environments, often found in river deltas.