Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main goal of therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
What is the main goal of therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
- To reduce inflammation in the airways
- To strengthen the diaphragm muscle
- To open up airways with bronchodilators (correct)
- To remove mucus from the lungs
What is the function of alveoli in the respiratory system?
What is the function of alveoli in the respiratory system?
- To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood (correct)
- To expand and contract with each breath
- To produce mucus to trap dust and bacteria
- To filter out dust and bacteria from inhaled air
What is the term for the narrowing of airways in COPD?
What is the term for the narrowing of airways in COPD?
- Bronchitis
- Emphysema
- Asthma
- Chronic bronchitis (correct)
What is the effect of aging on the respiratory system?
What is the effect of aging on the respiratory system?
What is the purpose of cilia in the respiratory system?
What is the purpose of cilia in the respiratory system?
What is the effect of exercise on respiratory control?
What is the effect of exercise on respiratory control?
What is the role of alveolar macrophages in the respiratory system?
What is the role of alveolar macrophages in the respiratory system?
What is the main cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
What is the main cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
What is the function of the chest wall in the respiratory system?
What is the function of the chest wall in the respiratory system?
What is the term for the umbrella term that includes asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis?
What is the term for the umbrella term that includes asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis?
What is the main goal in managing COPD?
What is the main goal in managing COPD?
What type of pneumonia occurs when a patient swallows fluid and it goes into the trachea?
What type of pneumonia occurs when a patient swallows fluid and it goes into the trachea?
What is a common symptom of pneumonia?
What is a common symptom of pneumonia?
What is the primary treatment for bacterial pneumonia?
What is the primary treatment for bacterial pneumonia?
Why is it important to push fluids in pneumonia treatment?
Why is it important to push fluids in pneumonia treatment?
What is the primary goal of COPD management?
What is the primary goal of COPD management?
What is the purpose of pulmonary function studies in COPD management?
What is the purpose of pulmonary function studies in COPD management?
What is the purpose of a written action plan in COPD management?
What is the purpose of a written action plan in COPD management?
What is the purpose of oxygen therapy in COPD management?
What is the purpose of oxygen therapy in COPD management?
What is the purpose of vaccinations in preventing pneumonia?
What is the purpose of vaccinations in preventing pneumonia?
What is the characteristic of chronic bronchitis?
What is the characteristic of chronic bronchitis?
What happens to the alveoli in emphysema?
What happens to the alveoli in emphysema?
Why is the work of breathing increased in emphysema?
Why is the work of breathing increased in emphysema?
What is the range of SPO2 that should be maintained in patients with COPD?
What is the range of SPO2 that should be maintained in patients with COPD?
What happens when the SPO2 reaches 93% in patients with COPD?
What happens when the SPO2 reaches 93% in patients with COPD?
What should be avoided in patients with COPD?
What should be avoided in patients with COPD?
What is a characteristic of acute bronchitis?
What is a characteristic of acute bronchitis?
What is the consequence of increased SPO2 above 92% in patients with COPD?
What is the consequence of increased SPO2 above 92% in patients with COPD?
Study Notes
BCCNM LPN Scope of Practice
- Restricted activities that do not require an order include compounding, dispensing, or administering a drug specified in Schedule I or II of the Drug Schedules Regulation for the purpose of treating respiratory distress in a known asthmatic.
Respiratory System Review
- Age-related changes in the respiratory system include:
- Decreased elastic recoil
- Decreased chest wall compliance
- Decreased anteroposterior diameter
- Decreased functioning alveoli
- Decreased response to hypoxemia and hypercapnia
- Decreased cough force
- Decreased alveolar macrophage function
- Structures and functions of the respiratory system include:
- Respiratory airways
- Alveoli (functional units)
- Mucus covering the alveoli prevents gas exchange
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- Definition: an umbrella term for chronic bronchitis and emphysema
- Causes: cigarette smoking, occupational chemicals and dust, infections, and heredity
- Characteristics:
- Airway obstruction
- Inflammation
- Mucus buildup
- Narrowing or clogging of airways
- Management:
- Establishment of a confirmed diagnosis
- Thorough health history
- Pulmonary function studies
- Limited exposure to triggers
- Education of patients
- Collaborative practice
- Smoking cessation
- Appropriate pharmacotherapy
- Oxygen therapy
- Continuous assessment and monitoring of control and severity
- Implementation of a goal planning written action plan
- Ensuring regular follow-up
Pneumonia
- Definition: acute lower respiratory infection
- Types:
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
- Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)
- Fungal pneumonia
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Assessment data:
- Fever
- Rapid pulse rate
- Shortness of breath (SOB)
- Chest pain that increases with deep inspiration
- Productive cough with yellow/green sputum
- Treatment:
- Antibiotics for bacterial infections
- Antipyretics for fever
- Expectorants to loosen mucus
- Nursing interventions:
- Pushing fluids
- Providing acceptable nutrition
- Rest
- Monitoring need for oxygen
- Prevention:
- Vaccination (Pneumovax) for the elderly
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Description
This quiz reviews the respiratory system, age-related changes, and selected respiratory conditions such as COPD, pneumonia, and influenza, as part of the BCCNM LPN Scope of Practice.
