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What is the term used for the structure formed by paired double-chromosomes during meiosis?

  • Sister chromatid
  • Centromere
  • Tetrad (correct)
  • Chromatid
  • Which event is most directly associated with generating new allelic combinations in a tetrad?

  • Anaphase II
  • Prophase I
  • Crossing over (correct)
  • Metaphase I
  • In meiosis II, how do the chromosomes change compared to meiosis I?

  • They become single-stranded (correct)
  • They become double-stranded
  • They duplicate further
  • They remain the same
  • During which stage do the tetrads position themselves towards opposite poles of the cell?

    <p>Metaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural change occurs to the centrosomes during meiosis II?

    <p>They replicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process shuffles genetic information among chromatids during meiosis?

    <p>Crossing over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the nuclear membrane during prophase II?

    <p>It breaks down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are alleles?

    <p>Alternative forms of genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between alleles and genes?

    <p>Alleles are different versions of genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the ABO blood type?

    <p>The presence or absence of two antigens, A and B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following alleles is recessive in the ABO blood type system?

    <p>i</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when antibodies detect a foreign antigen?

    <p>Clumping of red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would a heterozygote express both A and B traits in the ABO blood type system?

    <p>When one allele is IA and the other is IB.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of human blood is made up of plasma?

    <p>55%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end result of meiosis in germ cells?

    <p>Four haploid daughter nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Rh factors indicate in blood type classification?

    <p>An additional antigen on red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily associated with growth and preparation for division?

    <p>Interphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many alleles are involved in determining ABO blood types?

    <p>Three alleles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis does the nucleus divide?

    <p>M phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many copies of each chromosome are found in haploid nuclei?

    <p>One copy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of phases in the M phase of the cell cycle?

    <p>Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs after the nuclear division in both mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Cytokinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of cells does meiosis occur?

    <p>Germ cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of constructing models of cell division in a laboratory setting?

    <p>To enhance understanding of cellular structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic material is obtained from the crime scene to identify the assailant?

    <p>Blood samples left at the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during prophase of mitosis?

    <p>Chromosomes begin to coil and condense, becoming visible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do alleles play in genetic inheritance?

    <p>They provide variations of genes for traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of spindle fibers during metaphase?

    <p>They align the chromosomes along the metaphase plate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many units of genetic information do sexually reproducing organisms typically inherit for most traits?

    <p>Two units, one from each parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during anaphase?

    <p>Sister chromatids are separated and pulled toward opposite poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were Mendel's results initially overlooked or misunderstood by his audience?

    <p>They were too advanced for the time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of gel electrophoresis in the context of forensic science?

    <p>It analyzes and separates DNA fragments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes telophase?

    <p>Chromosomes begin to uncoil and a nuclear membrane forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of anaphase?

    <p>Sister chromatids are no longer present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'diploid' refer to in eukaryotic organisms?

    <p>Having two sets of homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cytokinesis?

    <p>The division of the cytoplasm following mitosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which advance in molecular genetics allows for the 'test-tube' production of substances like insulin?

    <p>Genetic engineering techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is involved in the formation of the mitotic spindle?

    <p>Movement of centrioles toward the poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must individuals understand to make informed decisions about biotechnology applications?

    <p>Mechanisms of genetics and evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase do nucleoli reappear and chromosomes uncoil?

    <p>Telophase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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