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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of an electrical cell?
What is the purpose of the electrolyte in an electrical cell?
What occurs at the anode in an electrical cell?
What is the main difference between primary and secondary cells?
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What is the purpose of the separator in an electrical cell?
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Which type of electrical cell is commonly used in electric vehicles?
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What is the direction of electron flow in an electrical cell?
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What is the purpose of electrical cells in energy storage systems?
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What type of reaction occurs at the cathode in an electrical cell?
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Study Notes
Basics of Electrical Cells
- An electrical cell, also known as a voltaic cell, is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
- It consists of two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) immersed in an electrolyte, which facilitates the flow of ions between the electrodes.
Types of Electrical Cells
-
Primary Cells: Non-rechargeable cells that cannot be reused once the chemical energy is depleted. Examples include:
- Alkaline cells (e.g., AAA, AA batteries)
- Zinc-carbon cells
-
Secondary Cells: Rechargeable cells that can be reused multiple times. Examples include:
- Lead-acid batteries (e.g., car batteries)
- Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries
- Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries
- Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries
Components of an Electrical Cell
- Anode: The negative electrode where oxidation occurs, releasing electrons.
- Cathode: The positive electrode where reduction occurs, absorbing electrons.
- Electrolyte: A chemical substance that facilitates the flow of ions between the electrodes.
- Separator: A thin layer that separates the anode and cathode, preventing them from coming into contact.
How Electrical Cells Work
- Chemical Reaction: The oxidation reaction at the anode releases electrons, which flow through an external circuit to the cathode.
- Electron Flow: The electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, creating an electric current.
- Ion Flow: The ions flow through the electrolyte to balance the charge, allowing the chemical reaction to continue.
Applications of Electrical Cells
- Powering Devices: Electrical cells are used to power a wide range of devices, from small appliances to electric vehicles.
- Energy Storage: Electrical cells are used to store energy for later use, such as in backup power systems or renewable energy systems.
Basics of Electrical Cells
- An electrical cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy using two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) immersed in an electrolyte.
Types of Electrical Cells
- Primary Cells are non-rechargeable, cannot be reused once chemical energy is depleted, and include alkaline cells (e.g., AAA, AA batteries) and zinc-carbon cells.
- Secondary Cells are rechargeable, can be reused multiple times, and include lead-acid batteries (e.g., car batteries), nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries, and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries.
Components of an Electrical Cell
- Anode is the negative electrode where oxidation occurs, releasing electrons.
- Cathode is the positive electrode where reduction occurs, absorbing electrons.
- Electrolyte is a chemical substance that facilitates the flow of ions between the electrodes.
- Separator is a thin layer that separates anode and cathode, preventing them from coming into contact.
How Electrical Cells Work
- Chemical Reaction occurs at the anode, releasing electrons that flow through an external circuit to the cathode.
- Electron Flow occurs from the anode to the cathode, creating an electric current.
- Ion Flow occurs through the electrolyte to balance the charge, allowing the chemical reaction to continue.
Applications of Electrical Cells
- Powering Devices: Electrical cells power a wide range of devices, from small appliances to electric vehicles.
- Energy Storage: Electrical cells store energy for later use, such as in backup power systems or renewable energy systems.
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Description
Learn about the basics of electrical cells, including primary cells and their characteristics.
