Basic Science Facts

Study Notes

Basic Science Facts

Living Things
- All living things need food, water, and air.
- Animals and plants are living things.
- Living things grow, reproduce, and respond to their environment.
Non-Living Things
- Non-living things do not need food, water, or air.
- Examples include rocks, water, and toys.
Plants
- Plants have roots, stems, and leaves.
- They make their food using sunlight in a process called photosynthesis.
- Common plants include flowers, trees, and grasses.
Animals
- Animals can be divided into two groups: mammals and non-mammals.
- Mammals have fur or hair and often give live birth.
- Non-mammal examples: birds (feathers), fish (scales), reptiles (cold-blooded).
The Human Body
- The human body has different systems (e.g., skeletal, muscular, digestive).
- Major senses: sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell.
- The heart pumps blood; lungs help us breathe.
Earth and Space
- The Earth is one of the planets in our solar system.
- It takes 365 days for the Earth to orbit around the Sun.
- The Moon orbits the Earth and affects tides in the ocean.
Weather
- Weather includes conditions like rain, sun, snow, and wind.
- Temperature can be hot, warm, cool, or cold.
- Seasons: spring, summer, autumn (fall), and winter.
Simple Machines
- Types include levers, pulleys, wheels and axles, inclined planes, screws, and wedges.
- Simple machines help make work easier.
Matter
- Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.
- States of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
- Water is unique as it can exist in all three states.
Energy
- Energy is needed to do work or cause changes.
- Types of energy: sunlight, heat, electrical, and mechanical.
Light and Sound
- Light travels in straight lines and can be reflected or refracted.
- Sound is produced by vibrations and travels through air, water, and solids.

These facts provide a foundational understanding of basic scientific concepts suitable for a class 2 student.

Living Things

All living things have basic needs: food, water, and air.
Animals and plants are both living.
Living things grow, reproduce, and react to their surroundings.

Non-Living Things

Rocks, water, and toys are examples of things that are not alive.
Non-living things do not need food, water, or air.

Plants

Plants are made of roots, stems, and leaves.
Plants make their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis.
Common plants include flowers, trees, and grass.

Animals

Animals are divided into mammals and non-mammals.
Mammals have fur or hair, and usually give birth to live young.
Examples of non-mammals include birds (feathers), fish (scales), and reptiles (cold-blooded).

The Human Body

The human body is made up of different systems, like the skeletal, muscular, and digestive systems.
We have five main senses: sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell.
The heart pumps blood, and the lungs help us breathe.

Earth and Space

Earth is a planet in our solar system.
It takes Earth 365 days to orbit the Sun.
The Moon orbits Earth and causes tides in the ocean.

Weather

Weather includes conditions like rain, sunshine, snow, and wind.
Temperatures can be hot, warm, cool, or cold.
We have four seasons: spring, summer, autumn (fall), and winter.

Simple Machines

Simple machines make tasks easier.
Common types include levers, pulleys, wheels and axles, inclined planes, screws, and wedges.

Matter

Matter is anything that takes up space (volume) and has weight (mass).
Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
Water is unique because it can be found in all three states of matter.

Energy

Energy is needed to do work or cause changes.
Types of energy include sunlight, heat, electrical, and mechanical energy.

Light and Sound

Light travels in straight lines and can be reflected or refracted.
Sound is created by vibrations and travels through air, water, and solid objects.

Description

This quiz covers essential facts about living things, non-living things, plants, animals, and the human body. It also explores concepts related to Earth and space. Test your knowledge on these fundamental scientific principles.