Basic Rights in Constitutions

Questions and Answers

What approach did the Assembly in India take in formulating the constitution?

It was influenced by the ideas of specific regions.

It focused solely on traditional Indian practices.

It borrowed ideas from various sources worldwide. (correct)

It aimed to preserve the status quo without changes.

What does Dr. B.R. Ambedkar suggest might be new in a constitution framed later in history?

The age of the constitution itself.

The structure of government entirely.

The fundamental principles and ideologies.

Variations to address previous failures. (correct)

What sentiment does Dr. B.R. Ambedkar express concerning the novelty of constitutions?

Future constitutions can only replicate past ones.

Every constitution must be entirely original.

New constitutions can evolve through adjustments. (correct)

There is little opportunity for innovation.

In what way does the Assembly's outlook differ from a parochial approach?

It embraces globalization and diverse influences. Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'remove the failures' imply in regards to constitution drafting?

Learning from past errors is crucial. Signup and view all the answers

What are tribals demanding regarding the surplus land?

Return of the surplus land taken for industry Signup and view all the answers

What is begar?

Forced labor without payment Signup and view all the answers

Which form of labor still continues in certain industries like brick kilns?

Bonded labor Signup and view all the answers

What is prohibited under the Constitution concerning children?

Employment in dangerous jobs Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental right is highlighted as significant due to child labor laws?

Right against exploitation Signup and view all the answers

What does the right to freedom of religion allow individuals to do?

Follow the religion of their choice Signup and view all the answers

What was a historical issue concerning freedom of religion?

Mandatory participation in state religion Signup and view all the answers

Which group is primarily depicted as being exploited in the context given?

Tribals with traditional weapons Signup and view all the answers

What does the right to equality aim to eliminate?

Discrimination based on caste, creed, color, sex, religion, or place of birth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is explicitly prohibited by the right to equality?

Discrimination in government jobs Signup and view all the answers

What practice does the right to equality abolish?

Untouchability Signup and view all the answers

How does the right to equality contribute to democracy in India?

By ensuring equality in legal rights for all Signup and view all the answers

What does the right to equality ensure regarding public places?

Access regardless of social status Signup and view all the answers

What type of titles can the state confer according to the right to equality?

Titles for military or academic excellence Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main goals of the right to equality?

To create a sense of equality among citizens Signup and view all the answers

What societal issue does the right to equality directly address?

Untouchability Signup and view all the answers

What is a basic protection provided by most constitutions?

Protection from arbitrary arrest Signup and view all the answers

During which situation can citizens' rights be limited according to the constitution?

During national emergencies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a right typically protected by constitutions?

Right to privacy at all times Signup and view all the answers

What do many twentieth-century constitutions, like the Indian Constitution, aim to express?

Aspirations and goals of society Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation on government power established by constitutions?

Government cannot arrest citizens arbitrarily Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rights allows citizens to participate in community decisions?

Freedom of association Signup and view all the answers

Older constitutions primarily focused on what aspect?

Allocating decision-making power Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the expected outcomes of a constitution?

Encouraging government transparency and accountability Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason why a constitution may fail to command allegiance?

It allows small groups to dominate governance. Signup and view all the answers

How can a constitution enhance its chances of success?

By fragmenting power among various groups. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Indian Constitution do to help prevent power from being subverted?

Establishes checks and balances among various institutions. Signup and view all the answers

What would lead minority groups to oppose a constitution?

If they perceive systematic oppression. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of any constitution according to the provided content?

To provide a framework for pursuing basic justice. Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature is essential for a well-crafted constitution?

Fragmentation of power across multiple institutions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a negative characteristic of a constitution?

Systematic privilege for certain groups. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a constitution to consider the identity of all groups?

To avoid dissent from oppressed groups. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fundamental Rights and Government Limitations

Constitutions typically ensure basic rights, safeguarding citizens from arbitrary arrests and government abuse.
Essential liberties include freedom of speech, conscience, association, and the right to trade or conduct business.
Rights may be restricted during national emergencies, with specific constitutional guidelines for such limitations.

Aspirations and Justice

Older constitutions primarily allocated decision-making power and imposed limits on governments.
Twentieth-century constitutions, like the Indian Constitution, focus on enabling government action to achieve social goals, reflecting societal aspirations.
Constitutions must garner public support by promoting freedom, equality, and justice to maintain legitimacy.

Balanced Institutional Design

Effective constitutions prevent power concentration in single groups or institutions, promoting checks and balances.
The Indian Constitution horizontally divides power among the Legislature, Executive, Judiciary, and independent bodies like the Election Commission, ensuring accountability.
Strong constitutions adapt past failures to current needs, incorporating global best practices without being parochial.

Right to Equality

The right to equality prohibits discrimination based on caste, creed, color, sex, religion, or birthplace.
It guarantees equal access to public spaces and employment opportunities, fostering social equality.
Abolishes practices like untouchability while ensuring no titles are conferred except for exceptional military or academic achievements, promoting dignity among citizens.

Right Against Exploitation

Addresses exploitation of underprivileged groups, prohibiting forced labor and human trafficking.
Historical context includes the forced labor imposed by landowners; current laws prohibit practices like bonded labor in industries such as brick kilns.
Child labor is outlawed for hazardous jobs, reinforcing the right to education and protection for minors.

Right to Freedom of Religion

Guarantees individuals the right to practice their chosen religion, a crucial aspect of democratic societies.
Historically, many rulers restricted religious freedoms, highlighting the importance of this right in maintaining religious pluralism and democracy.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental rights enshrined in various constitutions. It examines how these rights are interpreted and the protection citizens receive against arbitrary actions. Test your understanding of constitutional rights and their implications for society.