Basic Principles of Neuropharmacology
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Questions and Answers

What is defined as the measure of a ligand's ability to activate a receptor once bound?

  • Potency
  • Selectivity
  • Affinity
  • Efficacy (correct)
  • Which term describes the ability of a ligand to bind to a receptor?

  • Affinity (correct)
  • Efficacy
  • Potency
  • Specificity
  • Which of the following best describes the term 'affinity' in neuropharmacology?

  • The ability of a ligand to evoke a biological response
  • The strength of the binding interaction between a ligand and its receptor (correct)
  • A measure of how selective a ligand is for its receptor
  • The concentration of a ligand required to produce an effect
  • What is the primary effect of adding more agonists when spare receptors are present?

    <p>It cannot overcome the limitations of receptor occupancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spare receptors may enhance ligand efficacy because they provide what advantage?

    <p>They decrease the need for high ligand concentrations to produce a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an antagonist in relation to an agonist?

    <p>To block the effects of the agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do competitive antagonists function at the receptor level?

    <p>They compete with agonists for the same binding site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ligand is produced naturally within the body?

    <p>Endogenous ligand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of agonist is capable of binding to the target but only producing a partial effect?

    <p>Partial agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antagonist binds to an allosteric site to inhibit receptor activation?

    <p>Noncompetitive antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of binding occurs when ligands bind indiscriminately to various sites on a receptor filling out the binding sites without a preference?

    <p>Non-specific binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Cso value indicate in pharmacology?

    <p>The concentration at which a biological process is half inhibited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the potency of a ligand typically determined?

    <p>By measuring the concentration needed to achieve 50% of the maximal response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism describes the concept where multiple interactions are necessary for optimal ligand binding to a receptor?

    <p>Multi-point interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the role of spare receptors?

    <p>They allow for complete receptor saturation with fewer agonists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The role of selectivity in ligand-receptor interactions is crucial because it impacts what aspect of pharmacology?

    <p>The safety profile of the ligand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do concentration response curves typically allow researchers to estimate?

    <p>The maximal response and effective concentration needed for half-maximal response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates potency from efficacy?

    <p>Potency measures the concentration needed for a response, while efficacy measures the response's maximum effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes a full agonist from a partial agonist?

    <p>Full agonists produce a maximal response while partial agonists do not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the amount of ligand needed to produce a biological effect at a given receptor?

    <p>Potency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential characteristic of an inverse agonist compared to a standard agonist?

    <p>It induces the opposite effect of an agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of using nonselective receptors in drug binding?

    <p>Binding to multiple receptor types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following refers to the ability of a drug to bind to its target and produce a desired effect?

    <p>Efficacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do spare receptors play in ligand efficacy?

    <p>They enhance the effect of agonists, allowing partial activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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