Basic Principles of Chemistry

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Questions and Answers

What type of electrons usually do not participate in chemical reactions?

  • Core electrons (correct)
  • Orbital electrons
  • Valence electrons
  • Atomic electrons

According to Kekulé and Couper, how many bonds does carbon typically form in stable compounds?

  • Two bonds
  • Three bonds
  • Four bonds (correct)
  • Five bonds

Which scientist proposed the concept of a carbon-carbon triple bond?

  • Emil Erlenmeyer (correct)
  • Archibald Couper
  • Jacobus van’t Hoff
  • Alexander Crum Brown

In what year did Kekulé propose that carbon chains can form rings of atoms?

<p>1865 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to van’t Hoff, how are the four atoms to which carbon is bonded oriented?

<p>At the corners of a regular tetrahedron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What denotes stability in a stable atomic arrangement?

<p>Bonding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Dalton's atomic theory, elements are composed of:

<p>Indivisible particles called atoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is consistent with Dalton's atomic theory?

<p>Atoms of the same element are identical in mass and properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Dalton's atomic theory imply about the number of atoms during a chemical reaction?

<p>The total mass of atoms remains constant during a chemical reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is NOT derived from Dalton's atomic theory?

<p>Atomic Structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle related to chemical reactions is consistent with Dalton's atomic theory?

<p>Matter is conserved in chemical reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Dalton's atomic theory, what is the significance of atoms being indivisible?

<p>Atoms have a fixed mass and properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Dalton's atomic theory, which statement is true about atoms of the same element?

<p>They are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a compound, what is the ratio of the numbers of atoms of any two different elements present?

<p>A simple fraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law states that different samples of the same compound always contain its constituent elements in the same proportion by mass?

<p>Law of definite proportions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of an atom according to the experiments conducted by scientists?

<p>Dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Law of conservation of mass states that:

<p>The total mass of substances present at the end of a chemical process remains constant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge on neutrons, protons, and electrons respectively?

<p>Neutrons - neutral, Protons - positive, Electrons - negative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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