Basic Mycology: Structure and Growth
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Questions and Answers

What is the main component of the fungal cell wall?

  • Glucan
  • Chitin (correct)
  • Peptidoglycan
  • Ergosterol

    • Which of the following fungi induce a pyogenic response in the host?

  • Amanita
  • Histoplasma
  • Coccidioides
  • Aspergillus, Mucor, and Sporothrix (correct)

    • What is the effect of amanitin on the host cell?

  • Inhibition of protein synthesis
  • Inhibition of DNA replication
  • Inhibition of RNA polymerase (correct)
  • Stimulation of cell division

    • What is the characteristic of yeast reproduction?

    <p>Budding with unequal-sized daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which temperature do some fungi exist as molds?

    <p>Room temperature (25°C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the yeast form of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis?

    <p>Single, broad-based bud and thick, refractile wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a predisposing factor for Candida albicans infection?

    <p>Altered skin and mucous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Candida albicans typically transmitted?

    <p>Part of the normal flora of skin, mucous membranes, and GI tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common location of skin lesions in Candida albicans infection?

    <p>Moisture-damaged skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fungal infections is commonly seen in infants?

    <p>Thrush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using KOH in a microscopic examination of a fungal sample?

    <p>To visualize fungal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Amphotericin B?

    <p>Binding to fungal cell membranes at the site of ergosterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Sabouraud's agar in fungal cultures?

    <p>To allow for the growth of slower-growing fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of hypersensitivity response caused by the inhalation of Aspergillus fumigatus spores?

    <p>IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Echinocandins?

    <p>Inhibiting the synthesis of D-glucan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Candida albicans that distinguishes it from other Candida species?

    <p>Germ tube production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans?

    <p>Inhalation of airborne yeast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Cryptococcus neoformans that makes it a significant pathogen?

    <p>Its heavily encapsulated yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the skin test in diagnosing Candida infections?

    <p>To determine the competency of cell-mediated immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of microscopic examination of tissue in Candida infections?

    <p>Reveals gram-positive yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus?

    <p>Mold with septate hyphae that branch at V-shaped angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary habitat of Aspergillus fumigatus?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patients are more susceptible to invasive disease caused by Aspergillus fumigatus?

    <p>Immunocompromised patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the hyphae of Mucor and Rhizopus species?

    <p>Molds with nonseptate hyphae that typically branch at 90-degree angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of infection in patients with mucormycosis?

    <p>Sinuses and surrounding tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Histoplasmin in laboratory diagnosis?

    <p>To determine the incidence of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission of Sporothrix schenckii?

    <p>Puncture wounds caused by rose thorns and other sharp objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Coccidioides immitis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Coccidioidin in laboratory diagnosis?

    <p>To determine the incidence of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum?

    <p>Histoplasmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of nutrition for dermatophytes?

    <p>Keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of dermatophytes that allows them to infect human skin?

    <p>Production of extracellular enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to a variety of lesions of skin or scalp caused by dermatophytes?

    <p>Tinea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of cutaneous mycoses caused by dermatophytes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the habitat of dermatophytes?

    <p>Human skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission of dermatophytes?

    <p>Direct contact with skin scales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the fungal infection of the nail?

    <p>Onychomycosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of clipping the nail for culture in dermatophyte infections?

    <p>To obtain a sample of the infected tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of dermatophyte that causes cutaneous mycoses?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii?

    <p>Sporotrichosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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