Basic Microbiology Practical No. 4

<p>Place a small drop of water on the slide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overheating can rupture bacterial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetone or Ethanol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>x100 lens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce evaporation of moisture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive, cocci, cluster arrangement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To isolate individual bacterial colonies on an agar surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of viable bacterial cells in a sample (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Application of crystal violet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine if a culture consists of one or multiple species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A culture that contains one type of bacterial species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gelatin medium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spread plate technique (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Color after Gram staining (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cutting the surface of the agar with the loop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selective stains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colony count assessment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visible and countable evenly distributed colonies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of an outer membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indirect or negative staining (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a thick peptidoglycan layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upside down position with lids on (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights certain structures like capsules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in identifying and observing microbial morphology and behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram-positive cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pink to red (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To avoid cross-contamination during subsequent streaks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turn it so the opposite end becomes the starting point for new streaks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood agar and MacConkey agar plates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They retain the crystal violet and do not take up the counterstain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A combination of crystal violet dye and an iodine solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>37°C in aerobic conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bright field microscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A culture containing only one type of bacteria.

Methods used to separate one type of bacteria from a mixed culture.

A technique to isolate bacteria by spreading a sample across an agar plate.

The act of spreading a sample across an agar surface using an inoculation loop.

A solid surface used for growing bacteria.

A single bacterial cell or group of cells that form a visible colony.

A culture containing more than one type of bacteria.

A tool used for transferring bacteria.

An organism too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Microorganism grown in a lab to study it.

A lab technique to categorize bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) based on cell wall structure

Bacteria with thick cell walls that retain crystal violet dye during staining.

Bacteria with thin cell walls that do not retain the crystal violet dye.

A compound in bacterial cell walls that determines staining properties.

A primary stain in Gram staining that initially colors both Gram-positive and Gram-negative.

A second dye, like safranin, that stains Gram-negative cells after decolorization.

The process of growing only one type of bacteria from a sample.

A lab plate used to grow bacteria with a combination of nutrient and blood.

A lab plate selective for certain types of bacteria based on their ability to ferment lactose.

A technique used to isolate individual bacterial colonies on an agar plate.

A microbiological technique used to isolate individual bacterial colonies from a mixed culture.

A culture containing more than one type of microorganism.

A culture that is able to grow.

Staining technique where aniline dyes directly stain bacterial cells.

Staining technique that stains the background, leaving the microorganisms unstained. Used to see capsules or spores.

Staining technique for specific parts of an organism (spor, granules, flagella).

Staining technique used to distinguish different groups of bacteria (e.g., Gram-positive vs. Gram-negative).

Technique of spreading a liquid sample or culture evenly on an agar plate.

Technique used to view microbial cells under a microscope, as they are too small to see with the naked eye.

The first dye applied in Gram staining, which stains all bacterial cells the same color, usually violet.

A reagent used in Gram staining to intensify the primary stain and make it more difficult to remove from Gram-positive bacteria.

A reagent used in Gram staining to remove the primary stain from Gram-negative bacteria.

A step in slide preparation where the smear is briefly passed over a flame to kill the bacteria and attach them to the slide.

The process of spreading a bacterial sample thinly on a microscope slide for visualization.

The process of examining the stained smear under a microscope to observe the bacterial morphology and Gram reaction.