Basic Mathematics and C Programming Quiz
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Basic Mathematics and C Programming Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What characteristic defines co-prime numbers?

  • They are always even numbers.
  • They have a common factor greater than 1.
  • They only have 1 as their common factor. (correct)
  • They have multiple common factors.

    • What is the area calculation formula for a right-angled triangle given base and height?

  • Base + Height
  • Base x Height
  • Base / Height
  • ½ x Base x Height (correct)

    • Which type of memory is the fastest in a computer?

  • Hard Disk
  • Virtual Memory
  • RAM
  • Cache Memory (correct)

    • When converting from Gray code to BCD, what is a necessary step?

    <p>Calculating the decimal equivalence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the billing calculated for the first 100 electricity units consumed?

    <p>INR 250.00 for the first 100 units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines if three sides can form a triangle?

    <p>The sum of any two sides must be greater than the third side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of variables allowed in the C program to swap two numbers using the comma operator?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the billing rate for units consumed above 800 in the electricity billing system?

    <p>INR 6.00 per unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the values of m and n after executing the code snippet?```c int i=10, m,n; m=i--; n = ++i + i;

    <p>m = 9, n = 20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a bitwise operator in C?

    <p>-&gt; (Pointer Dereference)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output of the following code snippet?```c main() { int i=2, j=3, z; printf("%d ", i - ++j); }

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 53/4 = 12 in a certain number system, what is the base of that number system?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output of the following code snippet?```c for(i=0; i=3; i++) { break; printf("Inside Loop %d", i); } printf("Outside Loop %d", i);

    <p>Outside Loop 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for writing selection statements in C?

    <p>do-while loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between an interpreter and a compiler?

    <p>Compilers provide execution speed advantage over interpreters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In IEEE Double precision floating point representation, which component is used to store the exponent?

    <p>Exponent field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Computing Exam Notes

    • The exam has 3 sections (Group A, Group B, Group C) and is worth 70 marks.
    • Students must write answers in their own words.
    • Non-programmable calculators are allowed.

    Group A: Multiple Choice Questions

    • 1.1: After executing the code, the value of m is 10 and the value of n is 22. Note the order of operations:
      • m=i-- assigns m the value of i (10) and then decrements i.
      • n = ++i + i increments i to 11, then adds i to itself, resulting in 22.
    • 1.2: Bitwise operators include:
      • AND (&)
      • OR (|)
      • XOR (^)
      • NOT (~)
    • 1.3: The code outputs: -1
      • The increment (++j) happens before the subtraction, setting j to 4.
      • i remains at 2, resulting in 2 - 4 = -1.
    • 1.4: The base of the number system is 13.
      • In base 13, 53 / 4 = 12 with a remainder of 1.
    • 1.5: The output of the code is “Outside Loop 3"
      • The break statement immediately exits the loop without executing any further steps.
    • 1.6:
      • Non-weighted code: BCD (Binary Coded Decimal)
      • Weighted code: 8421 BCD
      • Cyclic code: Gray Code
      • Self-complementing code: Excess-3 code
    • 1.7: Methods for writing selection statements in C include:
      • if-else statement
      • switch-case statement
      • Conditional operator (?:)
    • 1.8: The format of the ternary operator is: condition ? expression1 : expression2;
      • Example : x = (y > 0) ? y : -y
    • 1.9: Major differences between Linux and Windows Operating Systems:
      • Linux is open-source, while Windows is proprietary.
      • Linux is known for its stability and security, while Windows is user-friendly and has a wider range of applications.
    • 1.10: Special registers in a computer (Von Neumann Architecture) include:
      • Program Counter (PC)
      • Memory Address Register (MAR)
      • Memory Data Register (MDR)
      • Accumulator (ACC)
    • 1.11: The code output is: 4.250 2.000
      • z is calculated by first casting y to a floating-point type before division.
      • z1 is calculated by casting x to an integer before division.
    • 1.12: The structure of the switch-case construct in C language is: 
      switch (expression){
     case value1:
        // statements to execute
        break;
     case value2:
        // statements to execute
        break;
     default:
        // statements to execute
        break;
}
      • Example:
      switch (day){
case 1:
    printf("Monday");
    break;
case 2:
    printf("Tuesday");
    break;
default:
    printf("Other day");
    break;
}

    Group B: Short Answer Questions

    • Q 2: To represent (50.25)10 in IEEE Double precision floating point number representation:
      • Step 1: Convert the decimal number to binary
        • Integer part: (50)10 = (110010)2
        • Fractional part: (0.25)10 = (0.01)2
      • Step 2: Combine the integer and fractional parts: (50.25)10 = (110010.01)2
      • Step 3: Normalize the binary number: (1.1001001)2 * 2^5
      • Step 4: Represent the sign, exponent, and mantissa in IEEE Double precision format:
        • Sign bit: 0 (positive number)
        • Exponent: 5 + 1023 = 1028 = (10000001000)2
        • Mantissa: (1001001 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)2
      • Step 5: Combine the sign, exponent, and mantissa:
        • (0 10000001000 1001001 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)2
    • Q 3: Explanation of the Memory Unit in Von Neumann Architecture:
      • Diagram: A diagram with components like:
        • Memory Address Register (MAR): Holds the address of the location being accessed.
        • Memory Data Register (MDR): Holds the data being read from or written to memory.
        • Memory Unit: Stores data and instructions.
        • Control Unit: Directs data flow between the memory and other components.
        • ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs arithmetic and logical operations on data.
        • Registers: Temporary storage locations for immediate data access.
      • Explanation:
        • The Memory Unit is a central component that stores both data and instructions.
        • MAR holds the address of the location to be accessed.
        • MDR stores the actual data being read or written to memory.
        • The control unit manages data flow by sending address information to MAR and transferring data from MDR to registers.
        • The ALU process data according to the instructions retrieved from memory.
        • Registers provide faster access to frequently used data.
    • Q 4:
      • Assembler: Translates assembly language (low-level programming language) into machine code (binary instructions).
        • Example: Assembler translating assembly code for adding two numbers into a binary instruction.
      • Interpreter: Executes each line of code directly without generating an intermediate machine code file.
        • Example: Python interpreter executing each line of Python code one by one.
      • Compiler: Translates a high-level programming language like C into machine code, producing an executable file for the target platform.
        • Example: A C compiler translating a C program into an executable file on a Windows machine.
      • Why is C called a functional programming language?: C is generally considered a procedural or imperative programming language, not a functional programming language.
        • Procedural languages focus on a sequence of steps to achieve a result, emphasizing control flow and data structures.
        • Functional languages utilize functions as first-class citizens, emphasizing immutability and recursion.
    • Q 5:
      • Step 1: Sender S generates even parity bits for the code 1100:
        • 1100 (Data bits)
        • 0 (Parity bit added)
        • 11000 (Codeword with parity bit)
      • Step 2: Receiver R receives code 1000 and calculates the parity bit:
        • 1000 (Received code)
        • 1 (Parity bit calculated)
      • Step 3: The calculated parity bit is not the same as the received parity bit, indicating an error.
      • Step 4: R uses Hamming code to detect the error position:
        • 1000 (Received data)
        • XOR with 0100 (2^2 = 4)
        • 1100 (Resulting code)
      • Step 5: Error detected at position 2.
    • Q 6:
      • Algorithm:
        • Input: Two integers, num1 and num2
        • Output: True if numbers are co-prime, False otherwise
        • Steps:
          • If both numbers are equal to zero then return False
          • Find the greatest common divisor (GCD) of the two numbers.
          • If GCD is 1, then the numbers are co-prime, return True
          • Otherwise, the numbers are not co-prime, return False.
      • Pseudocode: 
      function are_coprime (num1, num2):
    if num1 == 0 and num2 == 0:
        return False
    gcd = calculate_gcd(num, num2)
    if gcd == 1:
        return True
    else:
        return False
      • Convert Gray code 10100 to BCD code:
        • Step 1: Convert each bit of the Gray code to BCD code one at a time.
          • 1 (Gray) = 0001 (BCD)
          • 0 (Gray) = 0000 (BCD)
          • 1 (Gray) = 0001 (BCD)
          • 0 (Gray) = 0000 (BCD)
          • 0 (Gray) = 0000 (BCD)
        • Step 2: Combine the individual BCD values: (10100)Gray = (0001 0000 0001 0000 0000)BCD.
        • Number of bits in the BCD code: 20.

    Group C: Long Answer Questions

    • Q 7:

      • 7.(a) C program to check for a right-angled triangle: 
        #include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    int a, b, c;
    float area;

    printf ("Enter three sides of the triangle (in non-descending order): ");
    scanf ("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);

    // check if triangle is possible
    if (a + b > c) { // Triangle inequality theorem
        if (a * a + b * b == c * c) { // Checking Pythagoras Theorem for right-angled triangle
            printf("Right-angled triangle.\n");
            area = 0.5 * a * b; // calculating area in case of right-angled triangle
            printf("Area of the triangle: %.2f\n", area);
        } else {
            printf("Not a right-angled triangle.\n");
        }
    } else { 
        printf("Not a valid triangle.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}
      • 7.(b) Types of memory in a computer (in descending order of speed):
        • Registers: Fastest memory, directly accessible by the CPU.
        • Cache memory: High-speed, temporary storage for frequently used data.
        • Main memory (RAM): Primary storage for active data and instructions.
        • Secondary storage: Slower, long-term storage devices like hard drives, SSDs, and optical drives.

    • Q 8:

      • 8.(a) C program to swap two numbers using the comma operator: 
        #include<stdio.h>
int main () {
    int a = 10, b = 20, temp; 
    printf ("Original Values: a = %d , b = %d\n", a, b);
    temp = a, a = b, b = temp; // Comma operator is used to complete a series of operations
    printf ("Values after swapping: a = %d , b = %d\n", a, b);
    return 0;
}
      • 8.(b) Conversions:
        • (10100)Gray = (2101)4 = (451)6
          • Gray to binary conversion: 10100 -> 11011
          • Binary to base 4 by grouping bits into twos: 11 01 11 -> 2 1 0 1
          • Binary to base 6 by grouping bits in threes: 11 01 1 -> 3 1 1 -> 4 5 1
        • (25.025)10 = (0010 0101.0000 0010 0101)BCD = (11001.000001)2
          • Each decimal digit of the number is converted into its 4-bit BCD equivalent.
        • (771)8 = (505)10 = (20211)4
          • Octal to decimal: (771)8 = (7 * 8^2) + (7 * 8^1) + (1 * 8^0) = (505)10
          • Decimal to base 4: (505)10 = (2^9) + (2^8) + (2^4) + (2^0) = (20201)4.

    • Q 9:

      • Definition: An Operating System is a program or collection of programs that manages and controls the computer's hardware and software resources.
      • Main Functions:
        • Memory Management: Allocate and manage memory effectively.
        • Process Management: Create, schedule, and terminate processes efficiently.
        • File Management: Organize and manage files, directories, and storage.
        • Device Management: Manage and control peripheral devices connected to the computer.
        • Security: Protect the system from unauthorized access and malicious attacks.
        • Interface: Provide a user-friendly interface for interacting with the computer.
      • Types of OS:
        • Real-time Operating Systems (RTOS): Designed for real-time applications with strict timing requirements.
        • Multi-user Operating Systems: Allow multiple users to access and utilize the system simultaneously.
        • Multitasking Operating Systems: Allow multiple tasks or programs to run concurrently.
        • Single-user Operating Systems: Allow only one user to access the system at a time.
        • Distributed Operating Systems: Spread across multiple computers, enabling resource sharing and communication between nodes.

    • Q 10:

      • 10. (a) Flowchart for calculating electricity bill:
        • Start:
        • Input: Total units consumed
        • Calculate Base Slab Charges:
          • If units < 100, then bill = 250
          • Else if units <= 200, then bill = 250 + (units - 100) * 3
          • Else if units <= 500, then bill = 250 + (100 * 3) + (units - 200) * 4
          • Else if units <= 800, then bill = 250 + (100 * 3) + (300 * 4) + (units - 500) * 5
          • Else, bill = 250 + (100 * 3) + (300 * 4) + (300 * 5) + (units - 800) * 6
        • Output: bill
        • End:
        • The flowchart should visually represent the steps outlined above, using symbols for decisions (diamond), processes (rectangles), and input/output (parallelograms).

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of basic mathematics concepts and C programming! This quiz covers topics ranging from co-prime numbers to memory types in computers. Sharpen your skills in both areas with this engaging set of questions.

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