Basic Geography and History

Geography

• 7 continents:
  1. Africa
  2. Antarctica
  3. Asia
  4. Australia
  5. Europe
  6. North America
  7. South America
• 5 oceans:
  1. Pacific
  2. Atlantic
  3. Indian
  4. Arctic
  5. Southern
• Largest countries by land area:
  1. Russia
  2. Canada
  3. China
  4. United States
  5. Brazil
• Smallest countries by land area:
  1. Vatican City
  2. Monaco
  3. Nauru
  4. Tuvalu
  5. San Marino

History

• Ancient civilizations:
  • Mesopotamia (3500 BCE)
  • Ancient Egypt (3100 BCE)
  • Indus Valley Civilization (3300 BCE)
  • Ancient Greece (8th century BCE)
  • Ancient Rome (8th century BCE)
• Major historical events:
  • Renaissance (14th-17th century)
  • Industrial Revolution (18th-19th century)
  • World War I (1914-1918)
  • World War II (1939-1945)

Science

• Planets in our solar system:
  1. Mercury
  2. Venus
  3. Earth
  4. Mars
  5. Jupiter
  6. Saturn
  7. Uranus
  8. Neptune
• Human body systems:
  1. Nervous system
  2. Circulatory system
  3. Respiratory system
  4. Digestive system
  5. Immune system
• Basic physics concepts:
  • Newton's laws of motion
  • Gravity
  • Energy
  • Matter

Arts and Culture

• Famous artists:
  • Leonardo da Vinci
  • Michelangelo
  • Vincent van Gogh
  • Pablo Picasso
  • Claude Monet
• Notable authors:
  • William Shakespeare
  • Jane Austen
  • Charles Dickens
  • J.K. Rowling
  • George Orwell
• Popular music genres:
  • Rock
  • Pop
  • Jazz
  • Classical
  • Hip-Hop

Technology

• Computer programming languages:
  • Python
  • Java
  • C++
  • JavaScript
  • HTML/CSS
• Internet and web:
  • World Wide Web (invented by Tim Berners-Lee)
  • HTTP and HTTPS protocols
  • Web browsers (e.g. Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox)
• Notable technology companies:
  • Apple
  • Microsoft
  • Google
  • Amazon
  • Facebook

Geography

• The 7 continents are: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America
• The 5 oceans are: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern
• Russia is the largest country by land area, covering approximately 17.1 million square kilometers
• Vatican City is the smallest country by land area, covering approximately 0.44 km²

History

• Mesopotamia is considered one of the oldest civilizations, dating back to around 3500 BCE
• Ancient Egypt was a major civilization that flourished from around 3100 BCE to 30 BCE
• The Indus Valley Civilization was a major civilization that existed from around 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE
• The Renaissance was a cultural and intellectual movement that took place in Europe from the 14th to 17th century
• World War I was a global conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918 and involved many countries

Science

• Our solar system consists of 8 planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
• The human body has 5 main systems: Nervous, Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, and Immune
• Newton's laws of motion describe how objects move and respond to forces
• Gravity is a fundamental force of nature that causes objects to attract each other

Arts and Culture

• Leonardo da Vinci was a famous artist and polymath who lived in the 15th and 16th centuries
• Vincent van Gogh was a post-impressionist artist who created famous works like "Starry Night"
• William Shakespeare was a renowned English playwright and poet who wrote famous works like "Romeo and Juliet"
• Rock music is a popular genre that originated in the 1950s and is characterized by its use of electric instruments

Technology

• Python is a popular programming language used for web development, data analysis, and artificial intelligence
• The World Wide Web was invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 and is a system of interlinked hypertext documents
• HTTP and HTTPS are protocols used for transferring data over the internet
• Apple is a technology company known for its iPhones, Mac computers, and other innovative products