Basic Electrical Engineering 1st Year B.Tech

Basic Electrical Engineering

• This is a digital notes document for the subject of BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.
• It is developed at the MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY.
• This document covers materials for the first year B.Tech I Sem.
• The content of the notes are broken down into 5 units:
  • Introduction to Electrical Circuits
  • Networks Analysis
  • Single Phase A.C. Circuits
  • Electrical Machines
  • Electrical Installations

Introduction to Electrical Circuits

• Concepts of Circuit and Network - an understanding of these concepts is a foundation for electrical engineering.
• Types of elements - a primary step in building circuits is understanding the different components that can be used.
• R-L-C Parameters - study of the basic elements resistance (R), inductance (L) and capacitance (C) is essential.
• Independent and Dependent sources - an understanding of how sources provide energy and how their characteristics influence circuits
• Source Transformation and Kirchhoff’s Laws - techniques used to simplify and solve circuit problems.
• Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the total voltage around a closed loop is zero.
• Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the total current entering a node equals the total current leaving a node.

Networks Analysis

• Network Reduction Techniques - Simplification methods to analyze complex networks.
• Series and parallel connections of resistive networks - understanding how resistances are combined in series and parallel.
• Star–to-Delta and Delta-to-Star Transformations for Resistive Networks - Techniques to convert the network of one form to the other.
• Mesh Analysis and Nodal Analysis - methods to solve network problems by using mesh or nodal equations.
• Network Theorems - Simplification techniques to solve complex circuits.
• Thevenin's theorem - simplification to a circuit with a single voltage source and a single resistor.
• Norton's theorem - simplification to a circuit with a single current source and a single resistor.
• Superposition theorem - a method to analyze a network with multiple independent sources.

Single Phase A.C. Circuits

• Average value, R.M.S. value, form factor, and peak factor for sinusoidal wave form - important parameters for analyzing AC waveforms.
• Steady State Analysis of series R-L-C circuits - techniques to analyze circuit behavior under steady state AC conditions.
• Concept of Reactance, Impedance, Susceptance, Admittance - these concepts help in understanding how AC currents and voltages interact with components.
• Concept of Power Factor, Real, Reactive and Complex power - understanding power relationships in AC circuits.

Electrical Machines

• DC Generator
• The principle of operation of a DC generator is based on Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction.
• Constructional features of a DC generator: armature, field magnets, commutator, brushes.
• The EMF equation of a DC generator: determines the voltage output.
• DC Motor
• The operation of a DC motor is based on the interaction of magnetic fields created by the armature current and the stator field.
• Back EMF - the voltage opposes the applied voltage.
• Torque equation - determines the rotational force of the motor.
• Single Phase Transformer
• The principle of operation of a single-phase transformer is based on the phenomenon of mutual induction.
• Construction features - primary winding, secondary winding, core.
• EMF Equation - the relationship between the voltage of the primary and secondary windings.

Electrical Installations

• The text emphasizes the importance of a practical understanding of Basic Electrical Engineering, especially with regards to industrial applications.
• It highlights the growing role of automation in various industries, and emphasizes the need for engineers to be familiar with electrical installation concepts.
• The text also points to the inclusion of a laboratory course alongside the theoretical study of Basic Electrical Engineering.